Study On The Relationship Between Work-related Musculoskeletal Diseases,Working Ability And Quality Of Life In Open-pit Coal Miners

Objective: To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders in open pit coal mine workers in Xinjiang,and to build WRMSDs risk prediction model for open pit coal mine workers.Through the establishment of structural equation model,the path relationship between WRMSDs,working ability and life quality is explored.Methods: Using cluster sampling method,musculoskeletal disease questionnaire,working ability quantity table and quality of life table were selected to investigate the WRMSDs occurrence and influencing factors of2668 open-pit coal miners under Xinjiang coal mining enterprises,and the working ability and quality of life of the respondents were evaluated.Results:(1)A total of 2833 questionnaires were received in this survey,among which 2668 were valid questionnaires with effective recovery of 94%;(2)In the past year,the incidence of WRMSDs symptoms among open-pit coal mine workers was as high as 52.1%,and the incidence of symptoms in different parts was from high to low as waist(34.5%),neck(26.4%)and shoulder(19.6%).The number of people with WRMSDs symptoms in two or three sites accounted for 22.5% of the total number of people,and the incidence of WRMSDs symptoms in multiple sites was as high as 31.0%,1.5 times of that in a single site.The annual absence rate due to illness was also high(27.1%),and the top three parts were waist(18.3%),neck(13.8%)and shoulder(9.9%).(3)The results of waist,neck and shoulder WRMSDs risk prediction model showed that working age,educational level,physical exercise,sleep quality,keeping slightly bent for a long time,lifting weights in uncomfortable positions,working with upper body force,sufficient rest time,outdoor work,foot slip,job burnout and depression were the influencing factors of waist WRMSDs(P<0.05).Age,education level,alcohol consumption,sleep quality,neck leaning posture,wrist bending posture,department staff shortage,often working overtime,anxiety were the factors influencing neck WRMSDs(P<0.05).Educational level,sleep quality,neck leaning posture,wrist bending posture,lifting weights in uncomfortable position,starting to work after rest,department staff shortage,frequent overtime,job burnout and anxiety were the influencing factors of shoulder WRMSDs(P<0.05).The WRMSDs prediction model of the waist,neck and shoulder of open-pit coal mine workers has good prediction efficiency,and the AUC values of the area under ROC curve are all >0.7.(4)The number of open-pit coal miners is in excellent and good condition,accounting for 36.8% and 40.4% respectively;Moreover,under different demographic characteristics(age,working age,shift,marriage,monthly income,physical exercise,sleep quality),the level of work ability had statistical significance(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the incidence of WRMSDs among workers with different working ability levels(P<0.05).Among them,workers with poor working ability had the highest incidence of WRMSDs symptoms(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the composition ratio of working ability level between the two groups(P<0.05).The proportion of "poor","medium" and "good" in symptomatic group was significantly higher than that in non-symptomatic group,while the proportion of "excellent" was significantly lower than that in non-symptomatic group(P<0.05).(5)The scores of physiological,psychological,social and environmental dimensions were(14.57±2.77),(14.19±3.04),(13.86±3.39)and(13.68±3.30)respectively.Demographic characteristics age,education level,physical exercise,sleep quality,quality of life score differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of physiological and environmental quality of life in WRMSDs group were significantly lower than those in non-WRMSDs group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between WRMSDs and working ability and living quality of open-pit coal mine workers(P<0.05),and a positive correlation between working ability and living quality(P<0.05).(6)Based on the established WRMSDs-working ability-quality of life structural equation model,it can be concluded that there is a direct effect between WRMSDs,working ability and quality of life of open-pit coal mine workers,and there is a direct effect between WRMSDs and working ability,and working ability is the mediating variable of the effect of WRMSDs on quality of life.Conclusion:(1)The incidence of WRMSDs symptoms was higher in open-pit coal mine workers,mainly in the waist,neck and shoulder,and the incidence of WRMSDs symptoms in multiple sites was significantly higher than that in a single site.The incidence of WRMSDs symptoms in multiple parts was significantly higher than that in a single part.The risk prediction model constructed in this paper can play an auxiliary role in predicting the WRMSDs of open-pit coal mine workers.(2)The incidence of WRMSDs symptoms is different among open-pit coal mine workers with different working age,educational level,physical exercise and income.Work-related factors such as postural load,power load,mechanical operation,labor organization,work environment and social psychological factors such as job burnout,depression,anxiety are related to the occurrence of WRMSDs.(4)The risk factor that leads to the reduction of the working ability of the open-pit coal mine workers is WRMSDs.(5)Based on the established structural equation model of WRMSDs-working ability-quality of life,it can be observed that the occurrence of WRMSDs will directly reduce the working ability and quality of life of open-pit coal mine workers,and the improvement of working ability can also directly affect the quality of life.Therefore,work ability is an important intermediate variable that WRMSDs indirectly affects the quality of life.