Latent Classes Of Activity Patterns And Its Relationship With Cognitive Function Among Community-dwelling Older Adults

Objective:To identify latent classes of activity patterns in older adults,and explore the associations of latent classes and cognitive function,and in order to provide reference for developing reasonable and targeted behavioral interventions to prevent and delay the occurrence and development of cognitive impairment for community healthcare personnel.Methods:A total of 648 older adults from three community health service centers in Hefei city,Anhui province were collected by using convenience sampling.General information,physical activity,sedentary behavior,and cognitive function were collected using the General Information Questionnaire,the International Physical Activity Questionnaire,and the Montreal Cognitive Function Assessment.SPSS 25.0 software and Mplus 8.0 software were used for data analysis.Latent profiles analysis was used to identify latent classes of activity patterns in older adults.One-way ANOVA,Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of the latent classes of activity patterns and cognitive function in older adults.Results:1.Current status of activity patterns and and influencing factors of latent classes of activity patterns among community-dwelling older adults: the walking of older people was(892.30±617.22)METs-minutes/week,the moderate and high-intensity activity was(947.69±832.87)METs-minutes/week,the total sedentary behavior was(363.09±86.33)min/d,and screen-based sedentary behavior was(210.59±89.87)min/d.the activity patterns of the elderly in the community can be divided into three classes: active(Class1),moderate-active(Class 2)and sedentary(Class 3).The proportion of “active" older people accounted for only 11.57%.Among them,the amount of moderate-high intensity activity and walking activity was higher than those of Class 2 and Class 3,while total sedentary behavior and screen-based sedentary behavior were lower than those of Class2 and Class 3.“Moderate-active” older adults accounted for 52.32%,and all kinds of activity time were at the medium level.“Sedentary” older adults accounted for 36.11%,and the moderate-high intensity activity and walking activity were lower than those in Class 1 and Class 2,while the total sedentary behavior and screen-based sedentary behavior were higher than those in Class 1 and Class 2.Older adults with latent classes of activity patterns in different age,literacy,residence status,fitness facilities had statistically significance(all P<0.05).2.Current status of cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults:the detection rate of cognitive impairment was 32.25%.The cognitive function among older people in different ages,educational levels,per capita monthly family incomes,pre-retirement occupation,chronic medical history,and self-reported health status had statistical significance(all P<0.05).3.Relationship between three latent classes of activity patterns and cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults: the prevalence of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults with different potential activity pattern characteristics was statistically significant(P<0.05).After controlling for general demographic variables,the risk of cognitive impairment in “moderate-active”older adults was 2.641 times higher than in "active" older adults(OR=2.641,95%CI=1.192～5.853),while the risk of cognitive impairment in "sedentary" older adults was 5.653 times higher than in "active" older adults(OR=5.653,95%CI=2.478～12.896).Conclusions:1.The activity patterns of older adults in community were heterogeneous and divided into three categories: "active","moderate-active",and "sedentary".Among them,the "active" has the lowest proportion of older people.More than one-third of older adults were sedentary.2.The prevalence of cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults was higher.The latent classes of activity patterns were associated with cognitive impairment,the occurrence of cognitive impairment in "sedentary" older adults may be more serious and require urgent attention.