A Study On The Status Of The Intrinsic Capacity Of The Elderly In Urumqi Community And The Pathway Of The Role In Healthy Aging

Objective:(1)Based on the conceptual framework of healthy aging,we investigated the status of the intrinsic capacity of older adults in the Urumqi community and analyzed its influencing factors.(2)To describe the status of healthy aging,social support,and exercise self-efficacy among older adults.(3)To explore the pathway of the role of intrinsic capacity on healthy aging and analyze the role of social support and exercise self-efficacy in it.Methods: We used the random whole-group sampling method,three community health service centers in Urumqi,Xinjiang,people who aged 60 years old and above were selected as the study population from January to July 2022,and questionnaires were administered using the General Information Questionnaire,Intrinsic Capacity Questionnaire,Healthy Aging Scale,Social Support Scale,and Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale were used to study.Stepwise Logistic regression was used to explore the factors influencing the intrinsic capacity of older adults,and structural equation model was used to analyze the pathway between the influence of intrinsic capacity on healthy aging.Results:(1)A total of 1042 older adults were surveyed,including 419 males and 623females;ages 60～93(72.75±6.02)years.The rate of decline in the intrinsic capacity was72.94%,among which the proportions of decline in the cognitive,psychological,vitality,sensory,and locomotor domains were 21.02%(219 people),5.28%(55 people),11.61%(121 people),50.96%(531 people),and 32.15%(335 people),respectively,and the proportions of decline occurring in one to five domains were 39.06%(407 people),22.84%(238 people),8.25%(86 people),2.40%(25 people)and 0.38%(4 people).The decline in the intrinsic capacity of elderly people with high age,low literacy,living alone,smoking,high Charlson comorbidities index,irregular exercise,and weak grip strengths.(2)Healthy aging score of older adults in the community was 146.00(133.75,155.00).The social support score was 41.00(36.00,46.00),with 10 people(0.96%)having low social support,718 people(68.91%)having moderate social support,and 314 people(30.13%)having high social support.The exercise self-efficacy score was 51.00(39.00,61.00),127people(12.19%)had poor exercise self-efficacy,617 people(59.21%)had moderate exercise self-efficacy,and 298 people(28.60%)had high exercise self-efficacy.Intrinsic capacity score was negatively correlated with social support,exercise self-efficacy,and healthy aging scale scores,and social support and exercise self-efficacy scores were positively correlated with healthy aging scale score(all P<0.01).(3)intrinsic capacity can directly influence the level of healthy aging,and indirectly influence the level of healthy aging through social support and exercise self-efficacy,with the mediating effect between social support and healthy aging accounting for 13.60% of the total effect,and the mediating effect between exercise self-efficacy and healthy aging accounting for 11.11%of the total effect.Conclusion:(1)The rate of decline in the intrinsic capacity of older adults in the Urumqi community is relatively high,and community efforts should focus on older adults who are older,less educated,living alone,and having more comorbidities.Healthy lifestyles should be emphasized for older adults who smoke,do not exercise regularly,and have weaker grip strength.(2)Older adults in the Urumqi community have a high level of healthy aging,and most of them are at an intermediate level of social support and an intermediate level of exercise self-efficacy.(3)Social support and exercise self-efficacy can play a mediating role between intrinsic capacity and healthy aging.In the community work,attention should be paid to the level of intrinsic capacity of the elderly and the play of social support and exercise self-efficacy,so as to promote the realization of healthy aging of the elderly.