Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density And The Levels Of Serum Vitamin K And Vtamin D In Children

Research background and purpose:Bone mineral density(BMD)is also known as bone mass.Childhood is the key period of rapid growth of bone mass,and is also the main incidence group of vitamin D and vitamin K deficiency.At present,some studies have proved that both vitamin D and vitamin K can affect bone mineral density,but there was few reports on the correlation analysis between bone mineral density and the level of serum vitamin D and vitamin K in children,and the sample size was small,and there are some controversies at home and abroad now.Therefore,this paper studied the bone mineral density,vitamin K and vitamin D levels of children aged 0-14 years.The correlation between bone mineral density and the level of vitamin K and vitamin D was analyzed in order to provide a strong basis for future clinical intervention to adjust and correct abnormal bone metabolism in childhood.Materials and Methods:From January 2021 to August 2022,150 children with low bone density were randomly selected from each hospital for physical examination in the outpatient department of Children’s Health care in four maternity and child health care hospitals in Sichuan Province.A total of 600 children were selected as the bone density deficiency group.At the same time,150 children of the same hospital and age and gender with normal bone density were randomly selected from each hospital,and a total of 600 children were selected as the normal bone density group.And their gender,age,birth weight,birth length,bone morphology and past medical history were recorded by questionnaires.The height and weight of children were measured by standard height and weight meter,and the levels of vitamin K1,vitamin K2 and vitamin D were detected by liquid tandem mass spectrometer.The differences between the two groups were analyzed.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between bone mineral density and the level of serum Vitamin K and Vtamin D in children.Results:1、There were no significant differences in age,sex,birth length,birth weight and vitamin K1 level between the two groups(P > 0.05).2 、 In the low bone mineral density group,the bone mineral density of children aged 0 to 3 years old(including 3 years old),3 to 6 years old(including 6 years old)and 6 to 14 years old(including 14 years old)had statistical significance(P < 0.05),but the bone mineral density of children aged 0 to 3 years old and 3-6 years old group had no statistical significance(P > 0.05).There was no statistical significance in BMD of normal groups at all ages(P > 0.05).3、There were significant differences in Vitamin D levels in each group between any two age periods as follow: 0-3 years old and 3-6 years old,0-3years old and 6-14 years old,3-6 years old and 6-14 years old,and the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05).4、The serum vitamin D level in bone mineral density deficiency group was lower than that in normal bone mineral density group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).5 、 There were 416 cases(69.4%)of vitamin K2 deficiency in the low bone mineral density group,which was higher than that in the normal bone mineral density group,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportion of vitamin K1 deficiency between the two groups(P > 0.05).6、 There were no significant differences in birth length,birth weight and vitamin D level between vitamin K2 deficiency group and normal vitamin K2group(P > 0.05).7、Children’s vitamin D could significantly affect children’s bone mineral density(OR=0.985,95%CI0.976-0.994,P<0.05);8、Vitamin K2 also significantly affected bone mineral density in children,and the incidence of deficient bone mineral density with vitamin K2 deficiency was 1.105 times higher than that with normal vitamin K2(OR=2.105,95%CI1.661-2.673,P<0.05).Conclusions:1.Age is a factor affecting bone mineral density and vitamin D in children.In children with low bone mineral density,bone mineral density decreases with age.The level of vitamin D decreased with the increase of age in both normal and deficient BMD groups;2.Vitamin D is a protective factor for bone mineral density in children,and the incidence of bone mineral insufficiency in children decreased with the increase of vitamin D level(OR=0.985);3.Vitamin K2 deficiency is the main characteristic of vitamin K deficiency in children,which can reflect the deficiency of vitamin K in children more than vitamin K1;4.Vitamin K2 deficiency is an independent risk factor for deficient bone mineral density in children.Therefore,vitamin K2 deficiency is more likely to lead to deficient bone mineral density in children than normal vitamin K2.