Study On The Microflora Of Geographic Tongue In Children With Splenasthenic Syndrome

Objective:To investigate the difference of tongue coating flora between children with splenasthenic syndrome and healthy children by analyzing the structure of tongue coating flora in children with splenasthenic syndrome.To provide important theoretical basis for the diagnosis,early warning,diagnosis,and treatment of various diseases related to Geographic tongue and Geographic tongue with splenasthenic syndrome,to explain the theory of tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine with objective changes in flora,and to promote the modernization of the theory of tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine.Materials and Methods:From February 2022 to February 2023,30 Geographic tongue children who met the diagnosis of splenasthenic syndrome and were selected from the pediatric outpatient department,inpatients,and physical examinations of Fuzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital were selected as the observation group,and 30 healthy children were selected as the control group.Collect tongue coating samples from two groups of children and use 16S ribosomal RNA.High throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the composition of tongue coating in two groups of children’s microflora of tongue coating samples（mainlyαDiversity analysisβDiversity analysis,relative abundance analysis of flora,species diversity analysis,and significance analysis）.result:1.General data analysis:A total of 30 children with splenasthenic syndrome and 30 healthy children were included in the study.In the Geographic tongue group（Group E）,there were 20males and 10 females;There were 24 males and 6 females in the health group（Group Z）.The median age was 6 years in Group E and 6.5 years in Group D.According to statistical analysis,there is no significant difference in gender,age,etc.between the two groups(P_gender=0.243>0.05,P_age=0.241>0.05),which is comparable.Diversity analysis:（1）αDiversity analysis:Based on ACE,Chao1,and Observed specifications,it can be seen that there is a statistically significant difference in the bacterial abundance of the microflora of tongue coating between the Geographic tongue group and the healthy children group（P<0.05）,and there is a difference in the bacterial abundance between the two groups.Based on the Shannon and Simpson indexes and the J index,there was no statistically significant difference in the diversity and uniformity of microflora of tongue coating between the tongue group and the healthy children group（P>0.05）βDiversity analysis:In the PCA analysis based on distance algorithm and European distance,it can be seen that there is a significant difference in bacterial species abundance between the Geographic tongue group and the healthy children group（P<0.05）,with the difference contribution rate of the first principal component（PC1）being 42.79%and the difference contribution rate of the second principal component（PC2）being 9.59%;The analysis results in PCo A based on distance algorithm Uni Fracts showed that there was a statistically significant difference in microbial community composition between Group E and Group D（P<0.05）,The difference contribution rate of PC1 was 36.58%,and the difference contribution rate of PC2 was 12.59%.3.Analysis of relative abundance of bacterial populationBy comparing the bacterial abundance of the two groups of bacteria with biomarkers,it can be concluded that the difference in the relative abundance of the two groups of bacteria is lower in Geographic tongue children with splenasthenic syndrome than in healthy children.4.Analysis of species diversityAt the genus level,this study analyzed the differences between groups through Wilcox symbolic rank test and Kruskal Wallis rank sum test.Among the top ten genera with differences,the abundance of the microflora of tongue coating in the Geographic tongue group was higher than that of healthy children in terms of Neisseria,Haemophilus,Granulilcatella,Porphyromonas,Gemella,and Acidovoorax,The healthy children group had higher levels of Veilonella,Actinomyces,Megaglobula,and Atopodium than the tongue group.5.Analysis of the significance of differences in bacterial abundanceFor species with significant differences in abundance between groups,through LEf Se analysis,it was found that at the genus level,the genus Veilonella is the group of bacteria whose abundance is different from that of the map tongue group in healthy children,causing the greatest impact.While map tongue children are different from healthy children,the largest diversity of bacteria is Proteobacteria at the phylum level,Haemophilus and Neisseria at the genus level.Conclusion:1.There are significant differences in the flora species and abundance of microflora of tongue coating between children with splenasthenic syndrome and healthy children.2.The species richness of Microflora of tongue coating in healthy children is generally higher than that in map tongue children with splenasthenic syndrome.At the generic level,the abundance of Veyrococcal flora in healthy children is higher,which is significantly different from that in map tongue children;At the genus level,the flora of the tongue group on the map has a higher abundance of Haemophilus and Neisseria,which is significantly different from that of the healthy children group,both of which belong to the Proteobacteria.3.The increase in the abundance of multiple bacterial groups of Haemophilus and Neisseria in the phylum Proteus in the Geographic tongue may be related to the plenasthenic syndrome.