Research On Strategies For Improving Health Literacy Of Rural Residents In Yongjia County

Health literacy refers to the ability of individuals to acquire and understand health information,and use this information to maintain and promote their own health.In recent years,with the continuous promotion of the healthy China strategy,the health problems of rural residents have received more and more attention.In order to understand the current situation of the health literacy of rural residents in Yongjia County,this study selected rural residents aged 15-69 in eight project sites in Yongjia County in 2021 as the subjects of investigation,and used the National Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire compiled by the state for testing.A total of 640 subjects were surveyed,and 636 valid questionnaires were collected.From the overall level of health literacy,three aspects of health literacy,and six types of health problems,spss 22.0 was used for statistical testing,The following results are obtained:1.The overall level of health literacy in Yongjia County in 2021 was 36.2%.The three aspects of health literacy,from high to low,are basic knowledge and concept level 46.1%,healthy lifestyle and behavior level 38.2%,and basic skill level 31.8%.The six types of health problems from high to low are safety and first aid literacy level 63.5%,scientific health concept literacy level 59.9%,health information literacy level 45.9%,chronic disease prevention literacy level 43.7%,infectious disease prevention literacy level 36.8%,basic medical literacy level 33.5%.2.There were significant differences among populations with different characteristics:males were higher than females;Unmarried group was higher than married group and higher than other marital status groups;The population aged 30-34 was the highest,followed by a decreasing trend with age,and the population aged 65-69 was the lowest;The illiterate/underliterate population was the lowest,and the higher the education level,the higher the level of health literacy;The number of personnel in government agencies/institutions was the highest,while the number of workers and peasants was the lowest.Mental workers were much higher than manual workers.3.Through horizontal and vertical comparison,it was found that in 2021,the health literacy level of rural residents in Yongjia County exceeded that of other rural residents in Wenzhou and even Zhejiang,and all indicators were mostly above the average level of provinces and cities;The health literacy level of rural residents in Yongjia County has been improving year by year since 2018,reaching a historical high in 2021,with the fastest growth rate in 2020.The reasons for the improvement are related to the government’s implementation of health policies,the COVID-19 epidemic to enhance health awareness,and the implementation of self-care by residents.At the same time,it was found that there are problems such as weak future growth rate,poor improvement effect of low health literacy population,inability to effectively translate health knowledge into behavior and skills,and still at a relatively low level of infectious disease prevention and basic medical care.In order to continuously improve the level of health literacy of rural residents in Yongjia County in the future,the following strategies are proposed: First,the government should take the lead in providing health policy support,increase the investment in health literacy promotion,establish a work policy of "prevention first",and carry out personalized education with the help of local characteristics;Second,actively promote the quality and efficiency of health education,and promote the effective transformation of health knowledge into health behaviors and skills;The third is to focus on the improvement of health literacy of key groups,and teach them according to their aptitude for women,the elderly,low education,workers and farmers,and young people;Fourth,focus on the weak links to promote healthy development,and do a good job in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases,basic medical security,and prevention of high disease;The fifth is to use epidemic prevention and control to boost health publicity,integrate epidemic prevention and control into health promotion work,and continuously improve residents’ health literacy.This paper can provide the basis for the local government to formulate health literacy promotion measures in the future,and also provide reference for rural residents in other areas of China to improve health literacy.