| Object:Based on the project data of the Department of Medicine of National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)from 2005 to 2019,the project funding and concentration degree were descriptively analyzed,the spatial distribution pattern and evolution trend of medical projects among provinces were visualized,the regional allocation balance of medical projects was evaluated,and the regional distribution status of major project types and medical branches were discussed.To further analyze the scientific research competitiveness of provincial medical disciplines,so as to provide empirical basis and scientific reference for formulating relevant measures.Methods:The data of this study were obtained from the official website of National Natural Science Foundation of China and the network information system of Science Foundation of China,and the data of related projects in the Department of Medical Science were extracted from them.The concentration index and coefficient of variation were used to analyze the concentration degree and dispersion trend of medical projects.The natural discontinuity point classification method was used to visualize its spatial distribution characteristics and evolution trend.The Lorentz curve,Gini coefficient and Their index were integrated to evaluate the allocation balance,and the competitiveness index was further constructed to analyze the scientific research competitiveness of provincial medical disciplines.Excel was used for data collation and index calculation,and Geo Da and Arc GIS10.7 software were used for spatial analysis.Results:1.From 2005 to 2019,the number and amount of medical projects of NSFC increased from 1850 projects and 493 million yuan in 2005 to 10192 projects and 4.647 billion yuan in 2019,with an average annual growth rate of 12.96% and 17.38%,respectively.According to the law of time evolution,the period from 2005 to 2019 can be roughly divided into three stages: low-speed rising period(2005-2009),high-speed rising period(2010-2014)and stable rising period(2015-2019).The number and amount of medical projects increased in different degrees in each stage.2.There are significant regional differences in the funding level of medical projects.Compared with North China(ranked second)and Northeast China(ranked seventh),the difference of project amount in East China(ranked first)was 1.28 times and 5.81 times from 2005 to 2009,respectively,and increased to 2.01 times and 8.22 times from 2015 to 2019.In terms of the average amount of medical projects in each province,the difference between North China(ranked first)and East China(ranked second)and Northwest China(ranked seventh)was 1.09 times and 3.24 times,respectively.From 2015 to 2019,the difference between the first ranked East China and the second ranked South China and the seventh ranked Northwest China was 1.27 times and 5.36 times,respectively.From the provincial perspective,Shanghai,Beijing,Guangdong and Jiangsu accounted for more than half of the total amount of medical projects in China,from 52.26% in 2005-2009 to 53.19% in 2015-2019,showing the increasing provincial agglomeration level.From the perspective of spatial pattern,the medical project funding roughly showed the “east-west” and “South-north” polarization distribution.In general,provinces and cities with higher level of project amount allocation showed a spatial distribution characteristics of low in the northwest and high in the southeast along “Hu Huan-yong Line”,and provinces and cities with higher level of project amount allocation gradually converged to the southeast coastal areas.3.The allocation balance of medical items is poor.Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient showed that the overall gap of medical project allocation was narrowing,but the allocation of medical projects by population or by economy was still in an unbalanced state.Theil index and its contribution rate analysis showed that the unbalanced distribution of medical items was mainly caused by regional differences.From the perspective of different regions,the imbalance of medical project allocation mainly comes from North China,East China and central China.According to the results of spatial analysis,the provincial administrative regions with different configuration levels are staggered,and the spatial pattern varies greatly,so the spatial correlation is weak.In addition,similar to the inter-provincial spatial pattern of medical project expenditure,the allocation level along both sides of the “Hu Huan-yong line” also shows the “east-west” and “south-north”differential distribution characteristics,with high in the southeast and low in the northwest.4.There is a large gap in the scientific research competitiveness of medical disciplines.The medical general projects and Youth Science Fund projects were mainly concentrated in the advantageous provinces along the southeast coast,where the strength of medical research is strong and the efforts to attract young medical talents are great.There is a significant inter-provincial gap in the scientific research competitiveness of medical disciplines,and the development of medical branches is not balanced.The advantageous discipline centers are distributed in the southeast coastal areas,and there is a regional imbalance in the development of medical disciplines.Conclusion:1.The funding level of medical projects of NSFC has been improving,but there is still a big difference compared with the major developed countries in the world.In the future,it is still necessary to further increase the investment in medical research,promote the innovation and development of medical science and technology,cope with the increasingly fierce international competition,and provide support and guarantee for people’s life,health and safety.2.There are significant regional differences in medical projects funded by NSFC,and the spatial differentiation pattern is obvious,but the overall trend is narrowing.When building regional medical centers,the government should take into consideration the areas with relatively weak medical research level,appropriately increase the regional science fund projects and joint fund projects,and strengthen the cooperation between supporting institutions.Efforts should be made to narrow the development gap of regional medical basic research.3.The allocation balance of medical projects of NSFC was poor,but the overall gap showed a narrowing trend.The unbalanced distribution of medical items is mainly caused by intra-regional differences,but attention should be paid to the expansion of inter-regional differences.More attention should be paid to the relatively disadvantaged provinces in south,north and central China when supporting the regions with low allocation level such as northwest,southwest and Northeast China.4.There is a large gap in the scientific research competitiveness of medical disciplines among provinces.The provinces with strong competitiveness are mostly concentrated in East China,South China and central China,but there are also provinces with strong competitiveness of a certain discipline in the regions with relatively weak competitiveness.In addition,the development of sub-disciplines was not balanced,and the medical project funding was mainly concentrated in the dominant disciplines such as oncology,nervous system and mental diseases. |
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