| Objective:Physical activity is considered as one of the most effective strategies to promote health and one of the most important behaviors in a healthy and aging lifestyle.Studies have confirmed that moderate physical activity can promote the health and cognitive function of the elderly in plain areas and delay the occurrence of aging;The built environment is highly correlated with the physical activity level of the elderly.However,the existing research only studies the relationship among the elderly,built environment and physical activity in plain areas,but the research on the correlation between physical activity and health of the elderly living in plateau environment has not been reported.In order to make up for the lack of existing research,this paper analyzes the physical activity level of the elderly in plateau environment,the status quo and characteristics of the built environment,and discusses the relationship between the physical activity level of the elderly in plateau environment and the built environment,in order to provide data theoretical support for the physical activity of the elderly in plateau environment.Methods:In this study,Kunming,which is 1940 meters above sea level,is selected as a sample city in plateau area by random sampling method.A total of 224elderly people aged 60 to 80 years were sampled and processed by the Actilife 6.13.1accelerometer software.Due to the incompleteness of some of the data,200 valid data were finally collected,70 males and 130 females as study subjects With the informed consent,the basic demographic situation of the subjects was investigated,the physical activity level of the elderly in plateau environment was monitored by Acti Graph GT3X+triaxial accelerometer,and the built environment information was collected by GIS spatial analysis method and Arc GIS 10.8 software.Through canonical correlation analysis,the correlation between built environment and physical activity of the elderly is determined.Using hierarchical regression analysis,this paper explores the relationship between built environment factors and physical activity of the elderly.The literature method was used to select data on older people and the built environment in the plains;the comparative analysis method was used to compare data on the highlands with the plainsResults:(1)The mean value of total physical activity of elderly people in the highland environment was 628423.94±227752.6 cpm,644684.52±225684.48 cpm for men and618630.75±228626.74 cpm for women,the physical activity of men was higher than the overall and much higher than that of women;the mean value of daily physical activity time was 329.15±102.89 min per day,323.61±83.47 min for men and331.62±111.96 min for women,the daily physical activity time was higher for women than for men overall and much higher than for men;the mean daily overall MVPA was 32.6±29.35 min,37.73±32.24 min for men and 29.94±27.4 min for women The mean daily MVPA was 32.6±29.35 min,37.73±32.24 min for men and 29.94±27.4min for women.(2)In plateau environment,the average total physical activity momentum of the elderly on rest days is 305083.46±157349.17cpm,that of men is 304876.01±141997.89cpm,and that of women is 305195.17±165555.54cpm,which is slight ly higher than that of the whole population and men.Average daily MVPA:The average value of the elderly is 35.25±32.92min,that of men is 38.16±32.83min,and that of women is 32.68±33.09min.The MVPA of men is higher than the whole and much higher than that of women.Average daily physical activity time:the elderly are 339.22±137.03min,men are 319.96±126.7 min,and women are349.58±141.66 min.The daily physical activity time of women is higher than the whole and much higher than that of men.(3)In plateau environment,the average daily total physical activity momentum of the elderly is 337259.19±282777.48cpm,that of men is 341964.69±150088.74cpm,and that of women is 334725.42±333596.04cpm.The total physical activity momentum of men is higher than the whole and much higher than that of women.Average daily MVPA:The average daily MVPA of the elderly is 31.1±33.12min,that of men is 36.76±36.85min,and that of women is 28.05±30.65min.The daily MVPA of men is higher than that of the whole and much higher than that of women.Average daily physical activity time:the average daily physical activity time of the elderly is317.21±150.44 min,that of men is 310.59±122.57min,and that of women is320.77±183.83min.The daily physical activity time of men and women is lower than the average,and that of women is slightly higher than that of men.(4)Related indicators of built environment in plateau environment:population density is 2303.768±2076.785 persons/km~2,building density is 1.89±1.08 persons/km~2,street connectivity is 0.64±0.27 number of traffic stops is 27.36±9.22,and land mixed utilization degree is 26.93±18.42 persons/km~2.(5)By means of multiple stratified regression analysis,the magnitude of the effect of built environment on the total physical activity of the elderly in the plateau region was ranked as:street connectivity(β=0.569,P<0.05)>population density(β=0.509,P<0.05)>building density(β=0.262,P<0.05)>number of transport stops(β=-0.259,P<0.05);the magnitude of the effect of built environment on the daily physical activity of the elderly in the plateau region was ranked as The effect of built environment on the daily physical activity time of older people in highland areas was ranked as:mixed land use(β=0.727,P<0.05)>street connectivity(β=-0.653,P<0.05)>building density(β=0.265,P<0.05)>number of traffic stops(β=-0.259,P<0.05);the effect of built environment on the daily MVPA of older people in highland areas was ranked as The effect of built environment on the daily MVPA of the elderly in the highlands was ranked as follows:mixed land use(β=0.988,P<0.05)>street connectivity(β=-0.755,P<0.05)>number of transport stops(β=-0.258,P<0.05).(6)There are differences between plateau environment and plain environment in related indexes of built environment and physical activity level of the elderly,and there are certain differences in the influence of built environment on physical activity of the elderly.Conclusion:The higher population density,building density and street connectivity of the community in the highland environment help to increase the total physical activity of the elderly;while more points of transport stations reduce the total physical activity of the elderly.The increase in building density and mixed land use helps to increase the daily physical activity time of the elderly,while the increase in street connectivity decreases it;the higher the mixed land use helps to increase the MVPA of the elderly,while the better the street connectivity and the more the number of traffic stops decrease the MVPA of the elderly,The differences between highland and plain areas may be related to the natural environment,human and demographic factors,and the level of economic development of the region. |
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