Security Sharing And Consensus Optimization Of Genomic Data Based On Blockchain

The rapid development of gene sequencing and its related technologies has made it easier to obtain genomic data,driving the generation of genomic and its related data.Genomic data has extremely high research value,and the storage,analysis and sharing of this data has a significant impact on the improvement of medical care,especially in the construction of personalized medicine.However,genomic data information is extremely sensitive,and its data can not only reflect the individual information of the data owner,but also indirectly reveal the information of blood relatives,such as family genetic diseases.In addition,genomic data are generally stored centrally,and data owners have little autonomous control.Therefore,the issues of genomic data sharing,privacy protection and ownership are extremely critical in genomic data management.The emergence of blockchain technology offers new solutions to deal with these problems.Blockchain is a multi-party maintenance decentralized and tamper-evident transaction ledger that,unlike centralized organizations,can delegate the management of data to individuals and protect data privacy.Blockchain features are well suited to the needs of the genomic market,and driven by the market and demand,companies have already released genomic blockchain white papers to carry out building a genomics blockchain ecosystem.At the same time,there are also many research institutes conducting research and development of related technologies.However,most of these projects are carried out abroad,and the details of the solutions are not clearly described,and there is little involvement in the related key generation and management.In order to fill the relevant research gap in China and supplement the insufficient literature describing key generation and management in the related schemes,we propose a genomic data sharing scheme based on federated blockchain and identitybased proxy re-encryption.In this paper,we use identity-based proxy re-encryption technology with a comprehensive security authentication system,which can achieve secure genomic data sharing without revealing the key and guarantee the security and correctness of the data.Distributed key generation technology is also applied to solve the traditional centralized key generation hosting problem,and based on this,we propose a new method for accessing genomic data in emergency situations.We analyze and demonstrate the correctness and security aspects of the scheme and compare the analysis with similar medical data sharing schemes,and the results show that the scheme has superior comprehensive properties.In addition,in order to cooperate with the above sharing scheme for emergency data access,a dual-mechanism Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus algorithm(RCDPBFT)based on role management and consistent hashing is proposed,and the algorithm is improved to address the problems of excessive load on a single node,large communication overhead and poor algorithm scalability of the Byzantine consensus algorithm applied in the federated chain.Firstly,the system performs consensus node grouping and node role division by consistent hashing algorithm to achieve synchronous consensus of multiple consensus nodes.Secondly,the consensus mechanism innovatively introduces the supervisory node hash ring,which can realize the urgent consensus requirements in some special situations under the double-ring mechanism and extend the practical application capability of the consensus mechanism.Finally,based on the grouping method of this algorithm,we propose the corresponding node rotation mechanism and node joining and exiting scheme,which can flexibly realize the dynamic change of nodes,guarantee the system security and improve the scalability of node network.The experiments show that the consensus algorithm has high reliability,low energy consumption and good scalability.