Analysis Of Related Influencing Factors And Pregnancy Outcome Of Small For Gestational Age Infants

Objective Objective: To explore the relevant influencing factors of SGA and its adverse pregnancy outcome,pay attention to the prenatal identification of SGA,strengthen the management of etiology,take appropriate preventive measures,implement pregnancy intervention as soon as possible,reduce the occurrence of SGA and improve the pregnancy outcome.Methods The data of 822 pregnant and lying-in women with single live births,including 274 cases of small for gestational age(SGA)and 548 cases of appropriate for gestational age(AGA),were collected from September 1,2019 to August 31,2021 at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and delivered in the hospital.A retrospective case-control study was carried out to master the relevant influencing factors of small for gestational age,To understand its distribution and pregnancy outcome.SPSS22.0was used for statistical analysis.Results1.This study included the data of 822 pregnant and lying-in women with single live births who were regularly examined and delivered in the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from September 1,2019 to August 31,2021,including SGA274(33.30%)and AGA548(66.70%).The incidence of SGA in our hospital is 1.27%.The proportion of primipara,insufficient weight gain during pregnancy,premature delivery and cesarean section in SGA group was significantly higher than that in AGA group,and the difference was statistically significant.The proportion of age,nationality and region categories was not different from that of AGA group.2.The proportion of pregnancy hypertension,pre eclampsia,hypoproteinemia,pregnancy with anemia,oligohydramnios,placental abnormalities,umbilical cord abnormalities and fetal distress in SGA group was significantly higher than that in AGA group,and the proportion of pregnancy diabetes and obesity in AGA group was significantly higher than that in SGA group.The proportion of hypothyroidism in pregnancy in SGA group was higher than that in AGA group,but the difference was not statistically significant.The proportion of intrahepatic cholestasis and premature rupture of membranes in pregnancy in AGA group was higher than that in SGA group,but the difference was not statistically significant.3.Univariate logistic regression showed that premature delivery,primipara,insufficient weight gain during pregnancy,hypertension during pregnancy,pre-eclampsia,oligohydramnios,pregnancy with anemia,placental abnormality,umbilical cord abnormality,hypoproteinemia,and fetal distress were the related factors of SGA.Pregnancy diabetes and obesity are more related to AGA.Multivariate logistic regression showed that premature delivery,primipara,insufficient weight gain during pregnancy,hypertension during pregnancy,pre-eclampsia,oligohydramnios,fetal distress,placental abnormality and umbilical cord abnormality were the relevant influencing factors of SGA.Obesity is closely related to AGA.4.(1)The incidence rate of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,perinatal infection,neonatal asphyxia and neonatal malformation in SGA group was significantly higher than that in AGA group,and the difference was statistically significant.The incidence rate of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and mixed acid-base imbalance was higher than that of AGA group,and the difference was not statistically significant.(2)Analysis of gestational weeks and adverse pregnancy outcomes in the SGA group found that the proportion of hyperbilirubinemia,perinatal infection,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,neonatal asphyxia,and mixed acid-base imbalance in the two types of premature SGA group was higher than that in the full-term SGA group,with a statistically significant difference.There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of necrotizing enterocolitis and neonatal malformations between the two types of premature SGA groups and full-term SGA.(3)The analysis of delivery mode and adverse pregnancy outcome in SGA group found that the proportion of hyperbilirubinemia,perinatal infection and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in SGA group after cesarean section was higher than that in SGA group after spontaneous delivery,and the difference was statistically significant.There was no significant difference in the proportion of asphyxia neonatorum,necrotizing enterocolitis neonatorum,mixed acid-base imbalance and neonatal malformation compared with SGA.Conclusion1.The incidence of SGA in our hospital is 1.27%,which indicates that the incidence of SGA in our hospital is lower than the domestic average level compared with the known research.2.In this study,primipara,premature delivery,insufficient weight gain during pregnancy,hypertension during pregnancy,preeclampsia,oligohydramnios,placental abnormalities,umbilical cord abnormalities and fetal distress are independent influencing factors of SGA,and the risk of SGA cesarean section is higher than that of AGA.3.There is a correlation between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,perinatal infection,neonatal asphyxia,neonatal malformation and SGA.