Evaluation Of Preventive Effect Of Different Doses Of Aspirin On Preeclampsia

Objective:To explore the appropriate dose of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of preeclampsia by analyzing whether different doses of aspirin have different effects on the prevention of preeclampsia and pregnancy outcome in pregnant women at high risk of preeclampsia,in order to provide new ideas and more scientific basis for the related research of low-dose aspirin for the prevention of preeclampsia.Method:This is a prospective study.Pregnant women who underwent the screening of fetal neck transparent layer(NT)in our hospital from June 2021 to July 2022 were selected.Their general information(age,BMI,pregnancy type,conception mode,chronic hypertension,diabetes,and maternal history of preeclampsia,etc.)were analyzed.The risk of preeclampsia was calculated according to the Bayesian method using the risk calculator recommended by the 2019 International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Guidelines.When the risk value was greater than 1/100,the pregnant women were rated as high risk of preeclampsia and enrolled(n=105).The enrolled patients were randomly divided into group A(n=52)and group B(n=53).Group A was given oral aspirin 75mg/d and group B was given oral aspirin 100mg/d.Both groups began taking medication at 12～16 weeks of gestation,and stopped taking medication at 36 weeks of gestation or after delivery or diagnosis of preeclampsia.The enrolled cases received regular prenatal examination in our hospital.After hospitalization for delivery,the occurrence of preeclampsia,delivery outcomes(cesarean section,postpartum hemorrhage)and neonatal outcomes(premature infants,fetal growth restriction,neonatal asphyxia)of the two groups were counted.SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis of the data,in which test was used for measurement data and 2 test was used for counting data.Results:(1)There were no significant differences in age,BMI,type of pregnancy,mode of conception,history of diabetes and chronic hypertension,and maternal history of preeclampsia between the two groups(P>0.05);(2)The incidence of preeclampsia was 30.77%in group A and 16.98%in group B,with no statistical significance between groups(P>0.05).(3)The cesarean section rate was 75.00%in group A and 71.70%in group B;The rate of postpartum hemorrhage was 1.92%in group A and 7.55%in group B.There were no significant differences in cesarean section rate and postpartum hemorrhage rate between the two groups(P>0.05).(4)The incidence of premature infants was 7.41%in group A and 12.28%in group B;The incidence of fetal growth restriction was 7.41%in group A and 12.53%in group B.The incidence of neonatal asphyxia was 3.70%in group A and 1.75%in group B.There were no significant differences in the incidence of premature infant,fetal growth restriction and neonatal asphyxia between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions:(1)There is no significant difference in the preventive effect of aspirin dosages of 75mg or 100mg in high-risk pregnant women with preeclampsia;(2)75mg or 100mg aspirin had no significant effect on the rate of cesarean section,postpartum hemorrhage,premature birth,fetal growth restriction and neonatal asphyxia in high-risk women with preeclampsia;(3)75mg aspirin is the appropriate dose for the prevention of preeclampsia.