Imaging Anatomy (Ultrasound) Study Of The Thyroid Gland And Its Imaging Anatomy (Ultrasound) Of Thyroid Gland And Its Vessels

Objective: To investigate the imaging anatomy of normal thyroid through cadaver’s thyroid gland and its vascular anatomy and ultrasound observation,to provide the imaging anatomical basis for the ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid diseases in primary hospitals and improve the correct rate of diagnosis.Methods: a total of 56 normal adult cadavers used for anatomy teaching at the school of Basic Medical Sciences,Qingdao University were selected,and the morphology,superior and inferior thyroid artery courses,branches,and diameters were measured by thyroid dissection.A total of 100 normal adults who underwent thyroid investigation at the Department of ultrasound in the Affiliated Hospital of Heze Medical College were recruited for this study,and high-frequency ultrasound was used to investigate the thyroid morphology,the course of the superior thyroid artery and the inferior thyroid artery,its branches,internal diameter,and the blood flow velocity.Results:1.56 thyroid anatomy of specimens: the thyroid gland was mostly composed of two lobes and isthmus parts,the pyramidal lobe appeared in 27%,and a few isthmus parts were absent;ZT nodules were present in the posterior part of the lateral thyroid lobes,and their occurrence ratio was lower than that reported in the literature;The superior thyroid artery mostly arises from the external carotid artery,descends two to three branches to the superior thyroid pole,enters the gland,courses superficially,and has less tortuosity;The inferior thyroid artery,which mostly originates from the thyrocervical trunk,proceeds upward and then curves transversely and medially,passes posterior to the common carotid artery,and divides two to three branches into the gland posterior to the lateral thyroid lobe,the inferior thyroid artery is located deeper and runs in a tortuous manner,and the morphology of the artery after the lateral thyroid lobe is complex and diverse;Anatomical measurements the external diameter of the left and right superior thyroid arteries was 2.02 ± 0.31 mm,2.37 ±0.23 mm,the external diameter of the glandular branches was 1.38 ± 0.21 mm,2.04 ±0.24 mm,and the external diameter of the left and right inferior thyroid arteries was2.52 ± 0.27 mm,2.79 ± 0.41 mm.2.100 sonographic observation of normal thyroid gland: all morphological diameter lines of thyroid gland,the value of ultrasonic measurement is generally lower than that of anatomical measurement;1.31 ± 0.17,1.32 ± 0.16 mm internal diameter of superior thyroid artery,blood flow velocity 30.35 ± 4.74cm/s,29.95 ± 5.11cm/s;1.51± 0.21 mm,1.54 ± 0.17mm),blood flow velocity 24.18 ± 6.57,25.76cm/s ± 7.32cm/s in inferior thyroid artery;The inferior thyroid artery runs in a tortuous course,and blood vessels in the posterior aspect of the lateral thyroid lobe can be easily misdiagnosed as a nodular lesion.The inferior thyroid artery ultrasound showed difficulty,the present study modified the examination method,and improved the success rate of vascular exploration.Conclusion and Significance:1.The thyroid morphology is more common with isthmus connection to both lobes;Familiarity with thyroid morphology and size,and proper identification of thyroid ZT are helpful in thyroid disease diagnosis.2.Thyroid artery: the inferior thyroid artery has a deep location,complex and diverse walking,is difficult to probe by ultrasound,and has the possibility of being misdiagnosed as a nodule.3.Thyroid manipulation technique: Based on the imaging and anatomical study of the thyroid gland and blood vessels,the manipulation technique of thyroid artery examination should be optimized,which can improve the visualization rate of the thyroid artery,shorten the examination time,improve the diagnostic ability of basic sonographers for thyroid diseases,and reduce misdiagnosis.