Development And Application Of Questionnaire On The Cognition,motivation,and Influencing Factors Of Voluntary Blood Donors On Platelet Donation

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to develop the "Questionnaire on knowledge,belief,and practice of voluntary blood donors on single donor platelets donation",which is used to explore the knowledge,belief,and practice of voluntary blood donors on platelet donation.Based on this,a quantitative study was conducted to reveal the level of knowledge,motivation,and factors affecting platelet donation among voluntary blood donors,and to explore the impact of knowledge,belief,and behavior on willingness to donate platelets.Methods1.Based on the theory of "knowing,believing,and practice ",an initial questionnaire was constructed using literature analysis and semi structured interviews.Through two rounds of Delphi expert correspondence,a questionnaire was developed to investigate the knowledge,belief,and practice of voluntary blood donors on platelet donation.2.Questionnaire survey: questionnaires were distributed to participants in voluntary blood donation at various blood donation sites in Rizhao City.The questionnaire includes general information of blood donors,relevant knowledge of platelet donation,motivation for donating platelets,whether they intend to donate platelets in the future,and factors affecting platelet donation.Data analysis was performed using Excel 2010 and SPSS 22.0.Description of the frequency and percentage of use of counting data;Measurement data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation(x±s);The multivariate measurement data were tested and compared using analysis of variance.Platelet donation intention was analyzed using one-way ANOVA,and influencing factors were analyzed using correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis.Inspection level α = 0.05.Results1.The total Cronbach coefficient of the questionnaire is 0.829,and the KMO value is0.841,significance of Bartlett spherical test P<0.01.This indicates that the reliability and validity of the questionnaire are good,and further research on the questionnaire can be carried out.2.According to the questionnaire survey,the average score of 811 blood donors in platelet donation knowledge was(7.549 ± 3.248)points.The topic with the highest awareness rate is "Rest well before donating platelets,eat a light diet,and drink an appropriate amount of water(85.57%)".The topic with the lowest awareness rate is "Machine collected platelets can be donated for 1 to 2 treatment units each time,or 1treatment unit and no more than 200 ml of plasma(39.46%)".Among them,blood donors aged 40 to 50,medical personnel,and blood donors who have donated whole blood more than three times have the highest average score in knowledge.3.The average score of the total motivation item for mechanically collected platelets donation is(3.940 ± 0.688)points,with the top three scores being "someone needs platelets to save lives(4.477 ± 0.805)points","in order to help others,it is a way of giving back to society(4.436 ± 0.787)points",and "being respected,having a sense of achievement,and making oneself more valuable(4.118 ± 0.956)points".4.Regarding the question of "whether to try platelet donation",a total of 594 people expressed willingness to try,accounting for 73.24%.Education background,occupation,and previous blood donation were statistically significant(P<0.05).In addition,in the binary logistic analysis,the factors that have a greater impact on the willingness to donate are "to help others,a way of giving back to society"(P<0.01),and the total score of relevant knowledge(P<0.01).5.Among first-time donors,the main reason for not participating in platelet donation is ignorance of the knowledge of platelet donation(17.4%),while for repeat donors,the main reason is lack of time or too busy(17.4%).In addition,"fear of health" and "fear of pain" are also important factors influencing voluntary blood donors to donate platelets.Conclusion1.The " Questionnaire on knowledge,belief,and practice of voluntary blood donors on single donor platelets donation " was developed,with good reliability and validity,and can be used for questionnaire research.2.Voluntary blood donors have a relatively high level of awareness of precautions before and after blood donation,and their understanding of specific and highly professional platelet donation needs to be improved.Insufficient knowledge of platelet donation and insufficient time are the main factors affecting platelet donation.The main motivation for voluntary blood donors to donate platelets is to help others with a more altruistic purpose.3.Voluntary blood donors’ willingness to donate platelets is more related to their knowledge of platelets and their sense of social responsibility to help others.Attention should be paid to the introduction of relevant aspects in the recruitment of platelet donors.