Research On Ethical Review Issues And Strategies For Living Organ Transplantation

ObjectiveThe use of living organs is highly controversial in ethics,as it requires a healthy person as a donor to provide a transplant organ for loved ones with end-stage organ diseases.This is a risky move to harm one person’s health and obtain potential improvement from another person,which violates the principle of non harm that doctors should follow in diagnosis and treatment activities.This helpless move requires strict and cautious ethical review,with the primary purpose of fully protecting the rights and interests of donors.However,in the practical process,there may be issues with the insufficient review ability of the ethics committee,insufficient insight into the review content and superficial,and issues with the authenticity of the voluntary and informed consent of the supplier.The purpose of this study is to deeply contemplate and analyze the essence behind these superficial issues,explore whether there are corresponding connections between these ethical issues,and propose corresponding strategies and suggestions to solve these problems.ObjectThe ethical issues in the ethical review of living organ transplantation are the research object of this article.MethodThe research methods of this article include value analysis,contradiction analysis,and case analysis.Based on the literature data and actual cases,this paper analyzes the whole process of ethical review practice of living organ transplantation,makes ethical Value judgment,and finds the ethical problems.Based on the known conditions,the materialist Dialectic is used to think about and analyze the internal relationship between ethical issues,and the contradiction analysis method is used to summarize the two pairs of contradictions that lead to ethical issues and are related to each other,which are mainly reflected in the theoretical and practical aspects.ResultTwo pairs of contradictions are the contradiction between procedure and execution effect(including the truth),and the contradiction between formal justice and outcome justice.The theoretical problem is the ethical problem of procedure and formal justice,specifically the lack of system and conflict of interest.The reason for the lack of system is the lack of independence of the hospital ethics committee,and the lack of ethical framework for ethical review;Conflicts of interest include conflicts of interest between the hospital ethics committee and the transplant team,conflicts of interest between donors,recipients,and families,and conflicts of interest between donors and transplant teams.These three pairs of conflicts of interest are the key factors that lead to practical issues.The practical issues are the ethical issues of enforcement effectiveness and outcome justice,including insufficient review capacity of the hospital ethics committee,genuine voluntary issues of donors,and genuine informed consent issues of donors.ConclusionIn response to the above theoretical and practical issues,this article advocates a methodology that combines principlism with casuistry to solve the ethical issues in the current ethical review of living organ transplantation.The main solutions to these issues are proposed from both theoretical and practical perspectives: firstly,establishing an independent ethics committee and attempting to establish an ethical framework that is in line with China’s practice,in order to solve three pairs of conflicts of interest,At the same time,it can also largely solve practical problems;The second is to propose suggestions for establishing a donor medical team,paying special attention to female and disabled donor groups,improving the review ability of the ethics committee,and strengthening long-term follow-up of donors in response to practical issues,in order to protect the rights and interests of donors.