Assessment Of The Sural Nerve Conduction Abnormalities In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Hyperthyroidism

Objective:Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrine disease.In addition to causing hypermetabolic symptoms and affecting digestive,cardiovascular and other systems,excessive thyroid hormones can also affect the neuromuscular system and cause peripheral neuropathy.The purpose of this study is to measure sural nerve conduction velocity in patients with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism using DPN Check,and to observe the influencing factors of sural nerve conduction velocity,which include thyroid hormone,serum potassium,folic acid,and vitamin B12 levels.So as to early diagnose peripheral neuropathy and improve the prognosis of patients.Methods:This study selected 80 patients with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism as the experimental group,and 40 healthy volunteers as the control group who were hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from November 2021 to October 2022.All the 120 research subjects were examined by DPN Check to obtain the data of Sural nerve conduction velocity and Sural nerve amplitude potential.At the same time,anthropometric data such as age,gender,height,weight and laboratory data such as free triiodothyronine,free thyroxine,thyroid stimulating hormone,thyroid receptor antibody,serum potassium,folic acid,vitamin B12 were collected.All data were analyzed by SPSS 27.0 software,and the test level wasα=0.05.Results:Using DPN Check to examine sural nerve conduction velocity in 80 patients with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism,there were 21 cases(26%)had abnormal sural nerve conduction velocity,including 4 cases(5%)with abnormal bilateral sural nerve conduction velocity,17 cases(21%)with abnormal unilateral sural nerve conduction velocity.These unilateral abnormalities included 8 cases(10%)in left sural nerve and 9cases(11%)in right sural nerve.Comparison of general clinical data shows there were no significant differences in age,gender,height,weight,serum potassium level,and bilateral sural nerve conduction amplitude between hyperthyroidism group and control group.The levels of free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine in the hyperthyroidism group were significantly higher than those in the control group,while thyroid stimulating hormone,folic acid,vitamin B12,bilateral sural nerve conduction velocity were lower than those in the control group.Correlation analysis of sural nerve conduction velocity shows that bilateral sural nerve conduction velocity was negatively correlated with age,free triiodothyronine,free thyroxine and thyroid receptor antibody levels,and positively correlated with vitamin B12 levels,and no significant correlation with gender,height,weight,thyroid stimulating hormone,serum potassium and folic acid in the hyperthyroidism group.Taking the patients with hyperthyroidism whether complicated with peripheral neuropathy as the dependent variable,the above influencing indicators were included in the binary Logistic regression analysis,and it was found that the level of free triiodothyronine and thyroid receptor antibody were risk factors for peripheral neuropathy in patients with hyperthyroidism.In order to study whether these influencing factors had predictive value for the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy,ROC curve analysis showed that the level of free triiodothyronine and thyroid receptor antibody had certain predictive value for peripheral neuropathy.Conclusion:This study shows that patients with hyperthyroidism have different degrees of peripheral neuropathy.Compared with control group,the sural nerve conduction velocity is slowed in patients with hyperthyroidism.Bilateral sural nerve conduction velocity was negatively correlated with age,free triiodothyronine,free thyroxine and thyroid receptor antibody levels,and positively correlated with vitamin B12 levels.In addition,the level of free triiodothyronine and thyroid receptor antibody are risk factors for peripheral neuropathy in patients with hyperthyroidism,and have certain predictive value.