Study On Differential Expression Of Long Non-coding RNA In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma(OSCC)is a common and harmful malignant cancer.Due to its extremely high invasiveness,the incidence and mortality rate of patients are constantly increasing.With the continuous increase in the number of OSCC cases,exploring the causes of OSCC,developing new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers,and determining effective treatment targets have become an urgent research topic in the medical community.In addition,the latest science and technology have shown that non-coding RNA has played an important role in the growth,development and pathology of the body,especially long noncoding RNA(Lnc RNA)regulates the incidence,metastasis and recurrence of malignant tumors,even participates in tumor drug resistance.Therefore,searching for Lnc RNAs that play a role in the pathogenesis of OSCC as biomarkers,has become a current research hotspot.This paper aims to use bioinformatics analysis techniques to study OSCC related data and find differential genes related to the occurrence and development of OSCC.First,obtain the transcript data about OSCC from the cancer and oncogene map(TCGA)database,use the Limma package in R language to preprocess the data,screen the differential m RNA and lnc RNA,then conduct Gene Ontology(GO)analysis on the differential gene,use Cytoscape software to visualize the results,and complete the construction of protein interaction network(PPI)through STRING database.Then,use the MCODE plugin to perform module analysis on PPI and annotate GO functions for different modules.Secondly,differential lnc RNAs that are significantly correlated with the survival prognosis of OSCC were screened again through the TCGA database,and the relationship between gene expression and prognosis level was studied in the Kaplan Meier Plotter database combined with patient clinical follow-up information.Finally,12 pairs of OSCC tissue and paracancerous tissue samples were selected to validate the differentially expressed lnc RNAs by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.By applying the above methods,2611 lnc RNAs were found to be differentially expressed in OSCC,among which 2118 were upregulated and 492 were downregulated.Additionally,4233 m RNAs were differentially expressed in OSCC,including 2684 upregulated and 1549 downregulated genes.GO functional annotation analysis showed that these differential genes were mainly enriched in pathways that interact with cellular signaling,cellular metabolism,and energy related pathways.Then,the MCODE plugin was used to analyze the PPI network and identify important modules.It was found that the four core proteins related to differential m RNA were all related to energy metabolism and molecular transport;The 10 core proteins related to differential lnc RNA,except for the cancer related pathway,are all related to the cell division cycle change pathway caused by rapid proliferation of cancer cells.Then,further analysis was conducted on the OSCC clinical sample data of differential lnc RNA expression in TCGA,and it was found that the most significant expression difference was lnc RNA PRKG1-AS1.Through Kaplan Meier Plotter’s research,we found a co expression relationship between lnc RNA PRKG1-AS1,RBMS2,and FOXK2,and this result was statistically significant(P<0.05).Finally,we used real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR to detect differential lnc RNAs screened from 12 pairs of OSCC tissue and paracancerous tissue samples,and found that the expression level of lnc PRKG1-AS1 was significantly higher in OSCC patients.These findings provide strong support for the results of the study based on the TCGA database.