Epigenetic Regulation Of Tumor Immunity And Mechanism

The body has a strong immune system,which can identify abnormal cells in time.Under the influence of various oncogenic factors such as chemical and physical factors,virus infection and so on,normal cells mutate,appear infinite proliferation,lose the ability of differentiation and maturation,and damage the body.This disease is called tumor.According to the report of the World Health Organization(WHO),at this stage,tumor is in a high incidence stage,the global incidence and mortality of tumor are increasing year by year,and there is a trend of youth.Many provinces in China have reported that tumor has become the disease with the highest mortality in the region.It is expected that tumor will become the first cause of death in the middle of the 21 st century,so the threat of tumor to human beings can not be ignored.In recent years,with the rapid development of immunology,biology and other disciplines,the methods of tumor treatment emerge in endlessly.More and more tumor drugs are launched and applied in clinic,which improves the survival rate and quality of life of patients.However,the mechanism of tumor occurrence and development is not very clear,such as the immune escape of tumor and so on,and it is one of the great challenges in clinical practice.Epigenetics includes DNA / RNA methylation,histone modification,chromatin three-dimensional conformation change and noncoding RNA regulation.Its main feature is that it does not change DNA sequence,and uses chemical modification to affect gene expression and function,leading to the production of many diseases such as tumors.At present,with the development to the stage of in-depth study of epigenetics.,many drugs for tumor treatment through epigenetics have been approved all over the world,and have been used in clinical treatment of tumors,such as dicitabine,azacitidine,chidamide,etc,which are anti-tumor through many mechanisms,for example,For example,activating anti-tumor cells including NK cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL)to kill tumor cells,regulating tumor microenvironment and enhancing tumor immunogenicity.Further study on the regulatory effect and mechanism of epigenetics on tumor immunity can better prevent the occurrence and diagnosis of tumor,and can also be used as a molecular target to make correct prediction for the difference of tumor prognosis,promote each tumor patient to have individualized and precise treatment,determine suitable drugs and doses for patients,and open up a new way for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor,promote the healthy development of human beings.In this paper,the concept and development history of epigenetics and epiimmunology,the modification methods of epigenetics,the constitution of immune tumor microenvironment,the regulatory effect and related mechanism on tumor immunity,the modification effect of epigenetics,the regulatory effect of tumor immune microenvironment and mi RNA on epigenetics are summarized,Typical epigenetic drugs: the mechanism of action of DNMTs inhibitors(decitabine,azacitidine)and HADCi(chidamide),the role of DNMTs inhibitors in hematological oncology(MDS,leukemia,lymphoma,etc.)and the regulation of immune microenvironment,the mechanism of sensitization of epigenetic inhibitors to immunosuppressive checkpoint(PD-1 / PD-L1)inhibitors.Finally,it is expected that in the future,the mechanism and clinical application of epigenetic inhibitors such as decitabine,cidabamide and PD-1 / PD-L1 in the treatment of relapsed /refractory myelodysplastic syndrome,meanwhile,dicitabine and anti-cd20 mb in the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and other B-cell malignant tumors will be prospected.Therefore,this paper provides a comprehensive theoretical and clinical basis for the application of epigenetics in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors,especially blood tumors.