| Objective:This study was designed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of sleep disorders among older adults in Nanshitou street community,Haizhu district,Guangzhou City and analyze the related influencing factors in order to provide effective prevention and intervention strategies for sleep disorders among older adults.Methods:In this study,a simple random sample of 500 older adults aged 60 years and above was selected from August 2022 to October 2022 in Nanshitou street community,Haizhu district,Guangzhou City.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)questionnaire was used as an instrument to assess the sleep quality of older adults,and the total score of PSQI > 7 was used as a criterion for the sleep disorders,and the current sleep status of older adults was analyzed by combining the scores of seven factors in the questionnaire.The Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)was used to assess the presence and extent of depression in older adults.7-item General Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7)was used to assess the presence and extent of anxiety in older adults.A self-administered questionnaire was used to survey the demographic characteristics,physical disease status,lifestyle and behavioral habits,and medication use and other factors that may influence sleep disorders in older adults.The correlation between demographic characteristics,life-behavior habits,physical diseases,psychology,medication factors and sleep disorders was analyzed by using chi-square test.Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the factors influencing sleep disorders.The association between different variables and sleep disorders was also analyzed by using the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test(CMH)after adjusting for gender confounders.Results:Sleep quality in general:Of the 489 valid questionnaires returned,220(45%)older adults were classified as sleep disorders group,with a mean PSQI total score of(7.49± 3.91)and a mean actual sleep time of(6.76 ± 1.16)hour and a total of 130(26.6%)older adults slept ≤6 hours.PSQI scores of each dimension: In seven dimensions,ranked by single item score > 1,the "subjective sleep quality" dimension had the highest score was with 249(50.9%)older adults,followed by the "sleep disorders" dimension with 220(45.0%)and the lowest score was the "sleep efficiency" dimension with 27(5.5%)older adults.Comparison between groups: The differences were statistically significant(P < 0.05)when comparing gender,living alone,marriage,taking medication affecting sleep,anxiety and depression between the sleep-disordered and non-sleep-disordered groups of older adults.Stratified analysis:After adjusting for the confounding factor of gender,the results suggested that the difference in the prevalence of sleep disorders among older men with different solitary condition and marital status was no longer statistically significant(P > 0.05),while the difference among older women was still significant(P< 0.05),and the difference in the prevalence of sleep disorders was statistically significant(P < 0.05)in the total population with or without taking sleep-impairing drugs and with or without anxiety and depression.Multifactorial analysis:The results showed that the risk of sleep disorders in older adults who lived alone,took sleep-impairing medication,had anxiety and depression respectively were 2.87,2.66,2.05 and 5.84 times higher than those who didn’t live alone,didn’t take sleep-impairing medication,didn’t have anxiety and depression(P < 0.05).Conclusion:The sleep quality of older adults in Nanshitou street community was not optimistic,and living alone,taking sleep-impairing drugs,having anxiety and depression were influencing factors for the occurrence of sleep disorders in older adults.The impact of living alone(especially for women),medication use,depression and anxiety on older adults’ sleep should be given greater attention and targeted interventions should be proposed. |
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