Gender Differences And Changes In The Health Of Rural Residents In China

According to statistics,nearly 500 million Chinese now live in rural areas.This huge population is the focus of China’s strategy to achieve a healthy China and rural revitalization.In the past decade,the quality of medical and health services in China’s rural areas has also been significantly improved.A series of studies on the background of rural areas are increasing day by day,among which the gender differences in the health of rural residents have attracted more and more attention from experts and scholars.Existing studies have found that the life expectancy of women is often higher than that of men,but their health status is significantly lower than that of men.In addition to the biological differences between men and women,more studies have discussed women from the perspective of sociology,which is also the direction of this paper.In order to better analyze the gender differences in the health of rural residents caused by social factors,Based on the previous data of the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS),this study constructed a logistic regression model to analyze the effects of age,environment,society and other factors on the health status and gender differences of rural residents.To investigate whether the differences in health status between male and female residents caused by the above factors will be further differentiated with age.The opening chapter of this paper expounds the research background,significance,framework and application methods of this research.The definition of the concept,data use,research status and research hypothesis of this research are explained.The present analysis of the health condition of rural residents from the perspective of gender found that: When the prevalence rate in the past four weeks is used as an indicator to measure individual health status,there is a positive relationship between the growth of age of rural residents and the incidence of disease in the past four weeks,and with the development of the era,the difference of prevalence rate between rural residents of different genders is increasingly obvious.The prevalence rate of rural residents in the past four weeks is significantly higher than that of males as a whole.The difference is that women begin to have a higher prevalence than men in middle age;When body mass index(BMI)is used as an indicator to measure individual health status,with the development of social economy,rural residents of all ages show an obvious trend toward overweight population,and on this trend,the difference of body mass index of rural residents of different genders shows a decreasing trend.Specifically,female residents are more likely to face the risk of being overweight than male residents in terms of BMI,and the difference widens further when they enter middle age.When residents’ self-rated health is taken as an indicator to measure individual health status,rural residents’ evaluation of their own health status presents a negative correlation with the growth of their own age,and the gender difference shows that the self-rated health level of female residents at all ages is significantly lower than that of male residents.In the four years of data presented,Only the gender difference of self-rated health of young rural residents showed a large floating change,while that of other groups remained relatively stable.When the health quality index(QWB)is used as a measure of individual health standards,rural residents have a negative correlation with the health quality index status with the growth of their age.This trend began to appear after the residents entered the middle age.In terms of gender differences,the gender difference between the health quality index of young and middle aged residents showed a large change and floating.The health status of male residents showed a trend from good to bad than that of female residents,and the difference showed a more obvious change trend in the young population,while in the minors and the elderly group,the gender difference of the health quality index of male and female residents did not change significantly with the growth of years.In order to further investigate the influencing factors of health status and gender differences of rural residents and verify their robustness,the logistic model was constructed with the prevalence rate of ill in the past four weeks,body mass index(BMI),self-rated health(psy)and health quality index(QWB)as dependent variables.The results showed as follows: The health status of rural female residents is worse than that of male residents,and the difference begins to appear after the residents enter the middle age.From the perspective of individual age characteristics,the increase of age will have a significant impact on the health difference between male and female residents,and the impact on female residents is greater than that of male residents.Especially after entering the middle age,the health status of female residents will be significantly worse than that of male residents.From the perspective of individual living environment factors,the province of living,domestic water use and the type of toilet used all have a significant effect on the health condition of Chinese rural residents;From the social and economic characteristics of individual life,marital status,medical insurance payment,per capita income of the family all have a significant impact on the health status of residents.Therefore,the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to improve the health level of rural residents and reduce their health gender differences: First,promote the awareness of gender equality.Second,strengthen the popularization of health knowledge.Third,improve infrastructure development.Fourth,improve the distribution of medical resources.Fifth,promote the rural physical examination project.Sixth,pay more attention to women’s health.