Study On The Distribution Characteristics Of Intestinal Microbiota Of Primary And Secondary School Students In Hangzhou

Background: Intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health,such as affecting body metabolism and immunity.Primary and secondary school students are in a critical period of physical development,and intestinal microbiota are also involved in energy metabolism,brain and nerve development,and sexual maturation of children in this stage,maintaining the stability of intestinal microecology is of great significance to the growth of primary and secondary school students.However,there are few studies to analyze the characteristics of intestinal microbiota of primary and secondary school students in Hangzhou.Objective: To describe the distribution of intestinal microbiota of primary and secondary school students in Hangzhou and compare the characteristics of intestinal microbiota of primary and secondary school students who live in different urbanization areas and have different diet,sleep and exercise habits,and analyze the correlation between these factors and the intestinal microbiota of primary and secondary school students.Methods: In this study,302 primary and secondary school students in Hangzhou were randomly selected by stratified cluster sampling according to region and age.Their stool samples were collected,and their lifestyle and behavior habits such as diet,sleep and exercise were investigated by questionnaire.By 16 S r RNA gene sequencing,describe the distribution of intestinal microbiota of primary and secondary school students in Hangzhou at the level of phylum,class,order,family and genus.The characteristics of intestinal microbiota of primary and secondary school students with different demographic characteristics were compared,and bioinformatics analysis such as flora diversity analysis and difference analysis were conducted.Results: 1.At the phylum level,the dominant flora of primary and secondary school students in Hangzhou are Firmicutes,Actinobacteriota,Bacteroidota,Proteobacteria,accounting for 64.89%,16.56%,12.71% and 4.51% respectively.At the genus level,the dominant flora are Bifidobacterium,Blautia,Bacteroides,Faecalibacterium,Subdoligranulum,which account for 10.85%,9.42%,8.69%,7.81% and 4.74%respectively.2.The analysis results of intestinal microbiota of primary and secondary school students with different characteristics showed that there were significant differences in Alpha diversity and Beta diversity of intestinal microbiota of primary and secondary school students living in different urbanized areas(P<0.05).The diversity of intestinal microbiota of primary and secondary school students in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas.At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Bacteroidota is higher in urban areas,while the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota is less(P<0.05).At the genus level,there are significant differences among primary and secondary school students in different urbanized areas,such as Bifidobacterium,Bacteroides,Blautia,Eubacterium hallii group(P<0.05).At the phylum level,the abundance of Proteobacteria is higher among primary and secondary school students with heavy dietary tastes than those with light dietary tastes and balanced dietary tastes(P < 0.05).At the genus level,the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella is higher among students with heavy dietary tastes,but lower among students with light and balanced dietary tastes(P<0.05).The abundance of Anaerostipes was lower among students with heavy taste,but higher among students with light and balanced diet(P<0.05).There are significant differences among primary and secondary school students with different exercise time,and the students with long exercise time have higher abundance of Faecalibacterium than those with short exercise time(P<0.05).The abundance of Dialister was higher in primary and secondary school students who slept more(P<0.05).Conclusion: 1.Firmicutes,Actinobacteriota,Bifidobacterium,Blautia constitute the dominant flora in the intestines of primary and secondary school students in Hangzhou.2.The dominant flora of primary and secondary school students in urban areas are Bacteroidota and Bacteroides,while those in urban areas are Coriobacteriales and Eubacterium＿hallii＿group,while those in rural areas are Actinomycetes and Bifidobacterium.Primary and secondary school students with heavy dietary tastes are greatly influenced by Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella,while students with light and balanced tastes are greatly influenced by Anaerostipes.Students who have been exercising for a long time are greatly influenced by the Faecalibacterium.Primary and secondary school students who sleep longer are greatly influenced by Dialister.