Immigration And Society In Northeast Fujian From Song To Qing Dynasty:Centered On Fuding Region

In the context of the historical development of Northeast Fujian,immigration play an important role.This article intends to investigate the process of immigration and how it affects local society from Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty in Northeast Fujian based on the systematic arrangement and study of historical documents of Northeast Fujian from the perspective of immigration history.On the one hand,it reveals the macro-trends of immigrants in Northeast Fujian during this period,and the impact of immigrants on local society;on the other hand,by showing the cases of immigrant settlement,it enriched the details of immigrants’ localization,and then explores the interaction among development of immigrants,administrative district changes and social order in Northeast Fujian.This article collects and sorts out the historical documents of Northeast Fujian,roughly restores the historical process of large-scale immigration from Song to Qing Dynasty in Northeast Fujian.The immigrants in Northeast Fujian were mainly concentrated in Song Dynasty,the Early Ming,the Late Qing and Qianlong period.The early immigrants who moved from Minjiang River Basin to the Northeast Fujian laid the formation of Tongshan dialect,while the large numbers of Min’nan,Tingzhou,Fuzhou,Putian and She people who migrated in the Late Ming and Qing dynasties successively completed the localization and bringing their respective dialects into the region,while the ethnic boundaries gradually became clear,various sizes of "dialect islands" were formed,and finally the dialect geographic pattern of "six dialect areas"was come into being in the middle of the Qing Dynasty.The migration of immigrants has led to an increase in the population.While these immigrants were participating in regional development,administrative affairs in northeastern Fujian had become increasingly complicated,prompting the upgrading of administrative divisions,which has finally become an opportunity for a new batch of immigrants to move in.A series of changes in the administrative district of Northeast Fujian in the Qing Dynasty also reflected the deepening of administrative control into the region.In the process of the development of immigrant clans,these clans have gradually strengthened the control of economic resources and the competition for the right to speak in local society,and shaped the social order which was dominated by local clans.With the stable establishment of administrative divisions,the social order within the region had also been able to continue for a long time.