The Northern Song Dynasty Ambassador Liao Dynasty Research

The political behavior of the Northern Song Dynasty ’s envoy to Liao Dynasty is the main channel for communication between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Liao Dynasty.During the period of Emperor Taizu of the Song Dynasty,the Northern Song Dynasty adopted the strategy of ’ slowing down the army ’ to stabilize the Liao Dynasty so as to achieve its strategic purpose of ’ south first and north later ’.The envoy behavior at this stage also contributed to the first good communication between the Song Dynasty and Liao Dynasty.After the failure of two Northern Expeditions in Taizong Dynasty,the Northern Song Dynasty under the psychology of ’ fear of Liao ’promoted the ’ Chanyuan Alliance ’ through an envoy,thus establishing a long-term relatively stable friendly relationship with Liao Dynasty.However,the ’ fear of Liao ’psychology in the Northern Song Dynasty did not reduce due to oath,but deepened with the passage of time.In this case,the Northern Song Dynasty changed the nature of Liao behavior into the main means of maintaining friendly relations with Liao.In the hundred years of friendly engagement between the two dynasties,the Northern Song Dynasty ’ s envoy Liao made contributions to the establishment of the engagement system between the two dynasties.The improvement and perfection of the engagement regulation between the two dynasties refer to the example of the Northern Song Dynasty ’ s envoy Liao.During the Jingde period of the Northern Song Dynasty,with the establishment of the National Trust,the Liao Dynasty was gradually institutionalized and routine.The envoys of the Northern Song Dynasty will record the cities,mountains and rivers,customs and customs along the way,and the specific matters in contact with the Liao side according to their journey.These records are the first-hand historical materials to study the problems of the Northern Song Dynasty envoys of the Liao Dynasty,and are also important historical materials to study the development of the relationship between Song and Liao.On the route of envoys,Baigou Pavilion was the starting point for the Northern Song Dynasty envoys to enter the Liao border,but the end point was due to the Liao Dynasty ’s " four times bowl " system was not fixed,but the end point of the envoys were the residence of the Liao masters at that time.The change of the route of the Northern Song Dynasty envoys was affected by the political factors of the Song and Liao Dynasties.As the main means to maintain the relationship with Liao,the Northern Song Dynasty considered the activities related to envoys very well,set up a variety of standards in the selection of envoys,and fully considered the factors of Liao Dynasty.After the selection of envoys,the special envoys constantly improved the ’ mission training materials ’.Before the mission,the envoys were trained.The Northern Song Dynasty also set up a special mission group for the mission.In order to ensure the successful completion of the mission of the Liao Dynasty,the Northern Song Dynasty established a special reward and punishment system to restrict the behavior of the envoys.In the process of the mission and in contact with the Liao Dynasty,the envoys were required to strictly abide by the engagement etiquette,and maintain the fundamental interests of the dynasty without angering the other party.Through the dispatch of Liao envoys,constantly collect and update the information of Liao border,timely listen to the military activities in Liao,in order to deal with the possible contradictions and disputes in time,in order to maintain the friendly relationship between the two.In terms of the return journey of the envoys to the Liao Dynasty,the return route of the envoys was basically consistent with that of the envoys.In the return journey,due to the completion of the mission,the friendly relationship between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Liao Dynasty was maintained,making the interaction between the ministers and the Liao Dynasty more frequent than that in the mission stage.In these interactions,envoys of the Northern Song Dynasty need to abide by etiquette rules.In addition,the envoys,through the envoys,changed the Northern Song Dynasty literati contempt for Liao,hostility inherent concept,conducive to the development of equal and friendly relations between the two dynasties.Between the Northern Song Dynasty and the Liao Dynasty,peace and stability and friendly relations for a long time were achieved through the oath agreement,which was very rare in the history of ancient China.The envoy activities of the Northern Song Dynasty and the resulting system of engagement between the two dynasties undoubtedly played a very important and unique role.