Study On Potteries Making Technology Of Dongqu Site

In this paper,the pottery unearthed from the excavation of the Jishan Dongqu in 2020 and 2021 was taken as the research object,and the pottery was systematically sorted out and observed experimentally,and multiple units with a large number and rich variety of representative excavated pottery were selected as research materials,and systematic sorting,observation and analysis were carried out from the aspects of pottery forming process,finishing process,decoration process and use analysis.After the observation and research of the pottery pieces unearthed at the Jishan Dongqu,ceramics can be divided into two categories: argillaceous pottery and sand-filled pottery.The raw materials used in sandfilled pottery are mainly sand,mica flakes,quartz and so on.In general,the proportion of sand-filled pottery pieces is about 57%,and the proportion of argillaceous pottery pieces is about 43%.From the perspective of the molding process of pottery,the Jishan Dongqu uses the clay strip building method,direct kneading method,wheel making method,clay sheet molding method,and molding manual combined molding method.Among them,the mud strip forming method is the most important method of forming utensils,and it is used in cookware,wine ware,storage vessels,large utensils,and small utensils.The second most widely used is the direct kneading method,which is again a combination of molding techniques,mainly used in the upper and lower shaped objects.The rotation method and clay sheet molding method are rarely used,and the traces are not obvious.From the perspective of the finishing process of pottery,the Jishan Dongqu uses swatting,rolling,scraping,wet hand smoothing,slow wheel dressing,mud dressing,polishing and other finishing processes.These finishing processes may be used alone on pottery or in multiple processes simultaneously.Among them,the patting and rolling process is the most widely used,and the wet hand trowel and scraping process is used alone,and sometimes exists as part of the slow wheel dressing process,and can often be seen on the production of exqui utensils,such as pottery statues,pottery bangs,pottery urns and other utensils.The clay application process is commonly used on cooking utensils,such as pottery and clay pipe.From the perspective of the decorative technology of pottery,the most common ornaments in the pottery excavated from the Jishan Dongqu are either pat or roll print and Jomon ornamentation,followed by spiral patterns.The spiral pattern is mainly concentrated in the shoulder of the utensil,a small number exists alone,mostly as auxiliary lines of "S" shaped ornaments,"" shaped ornaments,etc.,first spinning multiple parallel spiral patterns,and then stamping the "S" shaped ornaments and so on between the spiral patterns to form a closed pattern band.Additional stacking patterns are generally common and larger utensils remove these,symmetrical hand,string pattern,lace edge,painting pottery clothing,etc.are also more common decorative crafts at the Dongqu.The lace mouth edge mainly appears on round-bellied clay pots,and the hand is commonly found on clay pots and clay pots.The chord pattern is only distributed on pottery beans.Painting pottery clothing is generally used as the last process of the decoration process,and after the application of ornamentation,a shallow layer of mud is applied to the surface of the ware as a coat,so that the pottery becomes smooth and delicate.The Dongqu is similar to the Dongxia Feng that is relatively close in terms of pottery workers,and there are great differences with the local Longshan period culture,which deserves further study.