Backlighting Of Bodhisattva Statues In The Yungang Grottoes Early And Middle Periods Study Of Rutting

Bodhisattva statues are an important subject in Buddhist art,of which backlighting is an integral part.Their form and structural content are closely related to their external environment,locale,spatial form and Buddhist content,and have evolved to follow the rituals of their backlighting.In this paper,we focus on the backlit form of the early and mid-period Bodhisattva statues in the Yungang Grottoes,exploring the links and differences between the form and content of the backlit form of the early and mid-period Bodhisattva statues.Through the interpretation of backlighting(i.e.head and body light)in Buddhist texts and ancient literature,the formal features and meanings of backlighting are sorted out.On the basis of the formal and structural content of the backlighting,the flow of the backlighting of early and middle Bodhisattva statues and its causes are examined,and the close relationship between the backlighting and factors such as the politics of the Northern Wei,the fusion of multiple cultures and the change of Buddhist centres is further analysed.In terms of cultural background,the backlighting of early Bodhisattva statues was influenced by multiple influences from India,Central Asia and Liangzhou,while the backlighting of middle Bodhisattva statues showed more localized Chinese factors.From the backlighting form,the backlighting type of early Bodhisattva statues in Yungang is relatively single and stable in form.n the middle period,the backlighting of Bodhisattva statues is rich in type,often in combined form,and with complex decorative content,but showing a certain pattern.From the point of view of structural content,early modeling by foreign cultural influence,basically no decoration.The middle period inevitably inherited and developed some of the content of the early period and developed its own style.In this paper,we combine image examination and documentary research,take the analysis of the backlighting form and content of Bodhisattva statues as the key content,classify and explore the origin of their production,analyze and speculate the many factors affecting their development and change,and serve as the accumulation and basis for future research on related types.