The Influence Of Temporal And Spatial Attributes Of Episodic Memory On Creative Thinking

Creativity,also known as creativity,is the ability of individuals to produce new and unique products or ideas with social value and applicability.Based on the 4P model of creativity,creativity mainly includes creative thinking,creative personality,creative behavior,creative achievement and so on.Creative thinking is usually regarded as the core of creativity.Creative thinking is essentially a cognitive process of generating novel mental representations.Episodic memory is the memory of events that took place in a specific context of time and space,linked to personal experiences.When people encounter problems that cannot be solved,they will reconstruct the problem situation at the level of mental representation,and then extract useful information from the past episodic memory.Therefore,episodic memory is an important factor influencing creative thinking.Episodic memory Specificity Induction paradigm(ESI): refers to a short training process for recalling details of recent experiences.It has been widely proven that induction by this paradigm affects subsequent performance on creative thinking tasks.ISI(Imagination Specificity Induction): enable subjects to recombine autobiographical memories at different times and places to produce more internal details of the scene during subsequent recall or imagination.It is known that emphasizing the spatial(place where events occur)or temporal(time series in which behaviors occur)context can change people’s mental representation of them.We use ESI based on recall and ISI based on reconstituted autobiographical memory to explore the influence of episodic memory induction in the context of time and space on creative thinking.In experiment 1,ESI paradigm was used to explore the influence of spatial and temporal dimensions of episodic memory on creative thinking.The experiment adopts single-factor and three-level in-test design.The independent variable is the induction mode of episodic memory(time induction,space induction,no induction),and the dependent variable is divergent thinking Task and convergent thinking task,including the flexibility,fluency and originality of multi-purpose task(AUT,Alternate Use Task).Flexibility and fluency in consequence tasks;The correct problem solving rate of Remote Association Test(RAT);CFA(Chain Free Association Task)flexibility and fluency.The experimental results showed that spatial induction improved the flexibility of AUT and consequence task,but no significant difference was found in RAT and CFA results compared with time induction and control group.Time induction improved the flexibility of consequence task,but no difference was found in AUT,RAT and CFA results compared with control group.The results of experiment 1 confirmed the validity of situational specific induction,especially the spatial induction was better than the control group and the divergent thinking performance in the creative thinking under time induction.However,no advantage of time induction was found in the convergent thinking task.In experiment 2,the image-specific induction paradigm was used,and the single-factor three-level in-subject design was used.The independent variables were induction mode(time induction,space induction and no induction),and the dependent variables were convergent thinking task and divergent thinking task,including the flexibility,fluency and originality of AUT.Flexibility and fluency in consequence tasks;Number of correct RAT solutions.The results showed that,compared with the control group,spatial induction significantly improved the flexibility and fluency of AUT,enhanced the flexibility and fluency of consequence tasks,and increased the number of correct problem solving of RAT.Compared with time induction,space induction enhances the flexibility of AUT and improves the flexibility and fluency of consequence tasks.In the time induced condition,compared with the control group,time induced enhanced the flexibility of AUT and consequence tasks,and increased the number of correct RAT problem solving.The results of experiment 2 verified the effectiveness of image-specific induction in enhancing creative thinking,space induction improved the performance of divergent thinking and cohesive thinking,time induction was weaker than space induction,but it also had a certain effect,and ISI was found to have a better effect.Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 respectively used two induction paradigms to discuss the influence of temporal and spatial episodic memory on creative thinking,and both of them reliably improved the performance of creative thinking.Compared with the two,the specific induction effect of imagination was better,and the reliability of the two could be verified by the subsequent comparison design of subjects.At the same time,it can also promote the application scenarios of the specific induction technique of imagination.