| Objective:Mind-body therapies are based on the holistic principle that mind,body,and behavior are correlations.They can improve mental and physical health and wellness,enabling patients to play a more active role when coping with their conditions.This study aims to collect the concepts of psychosomatic therapy in national and international publications or provided by relevant organizations.So that we can explore the framework and investigate the boundaries of mind-body therapies in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),Tibetan medicine(TTM),and Mongolian medicine(TMM).Then,we can compare their sources and patterns,evaluate the evidence on the three mind-body therapies for a type of condition,and report the clinical characteristics of patients with high blood pressure receiving Mongolian mind-body interactive psychotherapy.Hance,we plan to provide information and clues for clinical practice and the studies in the future of mind-body therapies in TCM,TTM,and TMM.Methods:The first part:According to the definition of mind-body therapies collected in the literature review,we searched randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of mind-body therapies in TCM,TTM,and TMM.The China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,Chinese Scientific Journal Database(VIP),Sino-Med Database,MEDLINE,EMBASE,the Cochrane library,PubMed,Web of Science,PsycINFO,Alt HealthWatch,and ProQuest were searched up to June(TCM)and October(TTM,TMM)2022.Endnote 20 was used to manage the data.VOS Viewer was used to provide analysis and visualization on keyword co-occurrence.EXCEL and Power BI were used to analyze and visualize other interested results.The second part:Based on the results of the first part,an additional retrieve of the source and theory of the mind-body therapies in TCM,TTM,and TMM was conducted.The narrative analysis will be used for the retrieved information.The third part:Based on the results of the first and the second part of the study,neuropathic pain was picked for the quantity of the studies,its significance,and the need for selfmanagement approaches.Part Ⅰ and Part Ⅱ select suitable diseases for systematic evaluation.A comprehensive search of RCTs of mind-body therapies in TCM for neuropathic pain was conducted up to March 2022.The Chinese databases included CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP,and Sino-Med Database.The English databases included:MEDLINE,EMBASE,the Cochrane library,PubMed,the Web of Science,PsycINFO,Alt Health Watch,and ProQuest.Endnote 20 was used for managing the data.Review Manager 5.4 was used for data pooling.Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2 was used to assess the quality of included trials.The protocol of this review was registered in the INPLASY(INPLASY 202240016).The fourth part:Based on literature studies and a field trip to Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Hospital,the data of the clinical characteristics of the patients with high blood pressure receiving Mongolian mind-body interactive psychotherapy will be analyzed.We analyzed the patients with high blood pressure visiting the Department of Mind-body Medicine at the hospital between July 2022 and August 2022.The items analyzed will include basic characteristics,information about patients’ condition,the Self-rating somatization symptoms scale(SSS),the Hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS),the Scale of regulatory emotional self-efficacy(SRESE),and patients’ experience and preferences for the therapy.Excel was used for data management and descriptive statistical analysis for binary and continuous variables.The SSS scores,HADS scores,and SRESE scores will be searched for norms in previous studies.The student’s t tested will be used to analyze the data.Results:The first part:A total of 4,723 RCTs of mind-body therapies in TCM,4 RCTs of mindbody therapies in TTM,and 8 RCTs of mind-body therapies in TMM were identified.Due to the insufficient quantity of RCTs of mind-body therapies in TTM and TMM were found,this study only performed bibliographic analysis and visualization on mind-body therapies in TCM.The number of trials of TCM mind-body therapies raised from 1984 to 2022.In terms of published publications,the majority of the trials were published in Chinese.In China,the organizations of the first authors were located more in southern cities than in northern cities and more in eastern cities than in western cities.Worldwide,the organizations of the first authors are more commonly located in Asia and the United States.The mind-body therapies in TCM can be roughly divided into four types:active mind-body movement therapies,passive mind-body movement therapies,motionless interventions,and mind-body sensory therapies.The trials reported in Chinese mainly focused on older adults and college students.The trials reported in English also paid more attention to older adults and young adults.In the trials reported in Chinese,the most common condition studied was cardiovascular disease.In the trials reported in English,the most common conditions studied were arthritis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.The second part:The mind-body therapies in TCM,TTM,and TMM were deprived in their own culture.The therapies were recorded in the classics and passed on in history.Then,the mind-body therapies with separate characteristics in these three types of medicine were formed after being studied and applied by professionals nowadays.In terms of intervention methods,breathing appears to be one of the critical elements in all three types of mind-body therapies.Mind-body therapies in TCM had the most RCTs.Mind-body in TTM has the least RCTs and more English publications than Chinese publications.Mind-body therapies in TMM had more RCTs than mind-body therapies in TTM,but no English publications.The third part:A total of 23 RCTs met the inclusion criteria.They included 1,693 participants with lumbar herniated discs(LHD),cervical spondylotic radiculopathy(CSR),sympathetic cervical spondylosis(SCS),trigeminal neuralgia,and central poststroke pain.Pooled results showed that for LHD,TCM mind-body therapy used alone(MD:-0.57,[-0.77,-0.36],P<0.01,week 8)or combined with physiotherapy(MD:-1.02,[-1.12,-0.91],P<0.01,week 4)showed advantages over physiotherapy alone on pain relief.However,there was no statistical difference in physical function.For CSR,TCM mind-body movement combined with physiotherapy had a better effect than physiotherapy alone on pain relief(MD:-1.15,[1.37,-0.94],P<0.01,week 4).Six trials reported safety.Nausea,dizziness,fatigue,and pain at the acupuncture point were observed.The fourth part:This part analyzed 4,448 patients with high blood pressure met the inclusion criteria.There were more women in terms of gender.There were a large proportion of participants over 60.More participants were accustomed to having regular meals regularly,preferred a light diet,and exercised for more than five hours a day.In terms of their blood pressure,more participants monitored their blood pressure regularly,once a day.Most participants reported their systolic blood pressure over 140 mmHg(within seven days),and diastolic blood pressure between 80 and 90 mmHg(within seven days).Most participants reported a habit of taking medicine for blood pressure management according to doctors’prescriptions.Almost all participants knew information on preventing and managing high blood pressure.The course of included participants ranged from less than one year to more than 15 years.The results showed that the most commonly mentioned combined disease was coronary heart disease.Most of the participants had a family history of high blood pressure.The SSS scores,HADS scores,and SRESE scores had significant statistical differences compared to national norms or measured normal people.Almost all of the participants had experienced this intervention.There were more participants who took lessons on mobile phones than attended offline classes.Conclusions:Mind-body therapies in TCM,TTM,and TMM have all provided high-level evidence.Mind-body therapies in TCM have published most RCTs,followed by the therapies in TMM,and TTM.We found that the numbers of RCTs of mind-body therapies in TCM raised over the years through analysis of characteristics of publications.In terms of the journal accepted these studies,a few RCTs wrote in Chinese contributed to the core journals,but almost all English RCTs contributed to the journals in SCI/SCIE.The mind-body therapies in TCM can be roughly divided into active mind-body movement therapies,passive mind-body movement therapies,motionless interventions,and mind-body sensory therapies.Cardiocerebrovascular disease was mentioned in the included trials the most times,and followed by pain in RCTs in Chinese.In RCTs in English,arthritis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were mentioned the most times.The differences between the RCTs in Chinese language and in English can be studies in terms of specific conditions,joint interventions,controls,and the quality of the trials in the future.The sources,characteristics,and focus of the conditions were analyzed through an additional search of mind-body therapies mentioned in the included trials from the first part of the studies.The mind-body therapies in TCM,TTM,and TMM were all derived from their own culture,recorded in the classics and spread through it.Then they were studied in the modern studies,formed their own characteristics.Although,mind-body therapies in TCM have published high-level evidence,many specific therapies lack of research evidence.So were the mind-body therapies in TTM,and TMM.Professionals in related area could consider preforming more studies on possible mechanisms,feasibility,and clinical application.Low-quality evidence suggests that TCM mind-body therapies may reduce pain intensity and improve physical function as an adjuvant or monotherapy.High-quality trials are needed to confirm the effectiveness and safety of TCM mind-body therapies for neuropathic pain.Patients with high blood pressure of all age groups and occupations received Mongolian mind-body interactive psychotherapy.There are many different.Most have been treated for hypertension.Compared with the norms in China,the participants in this study had higher SSS scores.In comparison with clinic visitors of the general hospital,patients who came to Mongolian mind-body interactive psychotherapy had higher scores on HADS.Compared with the sample of college students,the patients’ SRSESE scores were lower.In the future,experts could discuss the safety and effectiveness of this therapy based on different levels of severity,medication status,and mental health conditions. |
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