Risk Factors For Nonsuicidal Self-injury And Suicidal Ideation In Adolescent

The adolescent period is an important and critical period for the lifelong growth and development of individuals.In adolescence,the living environment of adolescents gradually shifts from family to school and social environment.Therefore,factors from various aspects will have an important impact on the development of adolescent psychology and behavior.Among them,non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)and suicidal ideation(SI)in adolescents have become a high incidence problem in adolescence due to the developmental characteristics of emotional and cognitive abilities in adolescence,which has attracted wide attention worldwide.This study focused on non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal ideation in adolescents.Using an individual-centered approach,it was expected to understand different profiles of family(parental rejection),school(academic pressure),peer(peer victimization)and individual(depression,psychological distress,perfectionism)risk factors for adolescents with NSSI and SI,and to explore the demographic characteristics and manifestations of NSSI and SI in different profiles.To provide empirical results support and scientific effective guidance for the research,identification and intervention of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal ideation.This study was divided into two sub-studies.Study 1 used a cross-sectional approach to explore the latent profile of NSSI and SI risk factors in adolescents,and analyzed the performance characteristics of different groups and the differences in demographic information(gender,grade,only child,family economic status,and place of origin)among adolescents belonging to different categories.In Study 2,multiple regression Logistic analysis was conducted based on the profiles analyzed in Study 1,with each profile as the independent variable and SI and seven ways of NSSI of adolescents(cut,burn,stab,scratch,punch,bite and strike)as the dependent variable.To determine the differences in the degree of SI and the degree and style of NSSI among adolescents belonging to different profiles.This study mainly recruited 769 students from two ordinary middle schools in Guangzhou and Shantou,Guangdong Province,and screened the data,obtaining 687 valid data.The Chinese version of the Self-harming Behavior Scale(DSHI),the Adolescent Suicidal Ideation Scale(PANSI),the Parent Rejection Scale,the Adolescent Life Events Scale(ASLEC),the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale(HMPS),and the Depression Scale(BDI)were used to investigate the influence of different factors on non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal ideation among adolescents.The main findings of this study are as follows:(1)The risk factors of NSSI and SI in adolescents can be divided into three categories: "low risk group","emotion-medium risk group" and "interpersonal-high risk group";(2)Demographic variables(gender,age,single child status,single parent status and family economic status)have predictive effects on adolescents belonging to different risk groups.(3)Adolescents with different risk types showed significant differences not only in the severity of NSSI and SI,but also in the seven forms of NSSI.(4)Based on the above findings,the study concluded that the risk factors of non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal ideation in adolescents can be identified as three simple and heterogeneous subgroups with practical significance.The performance characteristics of these three subgroups and their different influences on NSSI and SI are of great significance for identification and intervention in practice.