The Research Of "Royal Cabinet" From The Perspective Of The Interaction Between Government And Parliament And Public Opinion

The Qing government established the responsible cabinet on May 8,1911,which later generations called it “the royal cabinet”.The traditional view is that after the establishment of the “Royal Cabinet”,the Han bureaucrats and gentry no longer supported the Qing government,and the Qing dynasty quickly died,because people instantly realized that the Manchus rejected the Hans.This view focuses on ethnic contradictions,but it is not difficult to find out by consulting historical data that public opinion did not focus on ethnic contradictions before and after the establishment of the “Royal Cabinet”.Most public opinion considers the “Royal Cabinet” issue to be a political issue rather than a national issue.“Royal Politics” in the late Qing Dynasty was a long-term phenomenon.Prior to this,public opinion paid little attention to it and did not form a voice of opposition.However,in mid-April1911,Office for Constitutional Policy played the “Draft of the Cabinet Official System”,and the situation changed.The Draft stipulates that “the Prime Minister is to be appointed by the Spyker.” “The Spyker” is the “royal”,which means that the Qing government only appointed the royal as the cabinet prime minister.There have been many objections throughout the country.Once the Draft goes into effect,the establishment of a “Royal Cabinet” will turn China into a “noble government”.Under pressure,the Qing government revised the Draft.In the early days of the new cabinet,the crisis of public opinion eased temporarily,and public opinion turned to other issues.However,the Prime Minister of the Cabinet is still headed by Prince Yi Kuang,and the essence of the “Royal Cabinet” has not changed.The federation of provincial councils has petitioned twice against the “Royal Cabinet”.The federation of constitutional provincial councils has petitioned twice against the “Royal Cabinet”.Because the issue of the “Royal Cabinet” was significant and the regent relied heavily on Yi Kuang,it was difficult for the Qing government to make concessions.On July 5,1911,the Qing government issued a decree refuting the petition of the Federation.The interaction between government,parliament and public opinion ends with failure.The federation is a joint organization of parliamentarians in various provinces,which has a huge local influence.The hostility between the Qing government and the provincial advisory bureaus was an important reason for the independence of the provinces after the Wuchang Uprising.