Marx’s Transcendence Of Feuerbach’s "Essence Of Man"

Traditional textbooks will be "the sum total of social relations" as Marx’s definition of human nature,this is actually to Marx’s "human essence" thought a misunderstanding,in fact,the sum total of social relations "is the essence of human form,emphasis is the essence of Marx’s person’s reality,this is Marx to the transcendence of feuerbach’s" human essence ".It was in the process of sublating Feuerbach’s "human nature" that Marx grasped the key to understand human nature--"practice",and realized a thorough reform of the way of thinking of human studies.Therefore,combing and analyzing the inheritance and criticism relationship between Marx and Feuerbach in the thought of "human nature" will help us further grasp the scientific connotation and revolutionary significance of Marx’s thought of "human nature".Feuerbach was dissatisfied with the modern philosophy confined to the thinking paradigm of "cogito" and tried to restore the authority of sensibility and proposed that only humanism could truly overcome the "cogito" and regarded the perceptual man as the subject and starting point of his new philosophy.But Feuerbach ultimately failed to break through the cogito paradigm.Marx absorbed the reasonable elements of Feuerbach’s "sensible man","class" concept and humanism contained in Feuerbach’s humanism.At the same time,along with Marx’s concern for the reality and the deepening of the research on political economics,Marx realized the limitations of feuerbach’s "perceptual intuition",Marx based on the "realistic people",in order to solve the "realistic people" to the plight of,in the process of criticism has realized the transcendence of feuerbach’s.This transcendence is mainly reflected in two aspects:On the "type essence",Marx and feuerbach think people are a kind of existence,have "class nature",but lead to people in the religious criticism of feuerbach come from the class nature of its position on ethics,and more and more from the perspective of history,Marx put forward is "existence",the concept of "class" of people,Positioning it on the free and all-round development of human nature,and making it connected with the practice of the proletariat;Performance in "human essence" formally,Marx based on the reality person,from the social and historical dimension to practice the reality person is analyzed,emphasis on the reality of people,criticism feuerbach’s knowledge in the form of "perceptual intuitive" social reality,unable to see the social and political relations,can only be abstract understanding of man.Marx’s "human essence" thought is not only the transcendence of feuerbach’s,but also the sublation of the speculative philosophy in the west since modern times and beyond,is no longer limited to "cogito" to understand the essence of man,but the practice of including "cogito" the radical change of thinking mode,thus pointed out the direction of the human free comprehensive development.