The Study Of "Flying" In Quanzhou And The Creation Of Freehand Oil Painting

In Chinese Buddhist art,"Flying " refers to the celestial beings,which is offering and flying in front of the Buddha.They often in the form of murals and sculptures.It is difficult to have a precise definition.This paper mainly focus on two kinds of "flying " in Quan Zhou to carry out freehand oil painting creation,one is the evolution of two gods in Buddhism,which is "Qianmin Po" and "Jinnara",they are always appearing as a human and flying in the air with a streamer;the other one is Miaoyin bird,which is a bird with human head and bird’s body."Miaoyin Bird" translates into Sanskrit is "Jialing Pinga".It’s a musical and dancing celestial beings before the Buddha.The function and the shape of this two species are interconnectedness,they are referred to "Flying " in this article.As the start of the "Maritime Silk Road",Quanzhou is an important window for Cultural Exchanges between Chinese and Foreign.Indian Buddhist culture was introduced to Quanzhou through the " Silk Road by sea and on the road",and it was integrated with the local culture of Quanzhou continuously.Then it formed into the exquisite Quanzhou "Flying" art eventually.Among them,the most outstanding representatives is the "Flying" bucket arch of the Song Dynasty in The Kaiyuan Temple in Quanzhou.During my investigation,I found that they showed different stylistic characteristics from of other regions –it has dark brown skin;holding local "Nanyin And bei Pipe" instruments,four treasures of the study,fruits and vegetables;carrying common "eagle wings" and Quanzhou characteristic’s "bat wings".Those show that Quanzhou’s "Flying" is profoundly influenced by the culture of the Central Plains,the marine culture and the folk culture of southern Fujian.The unique shape and profound cultural connotation of Quanzhou "Flying" made me have a strong interest and desire to create.Buddha statues have a strict definition of "three sutras and one sparseness",but "Flying" have no fixed paradigm statues relatively.Therefore,successive generations of craftsmen and painters have more available to express the image of the "Flying" and creating variety images,of which the most prominent of the "flying" image is in Dunhuang murals.In the field of oil painting,there have been some artists,who have created excellent oil paintings with the theme of Dunhuang "flying",such as Zeng Hao,Tu Zhiwei,Jin Chundai,etc.However,there are seldom painting with the theme of Quanzhou "flying",and using oil painting as a medium for creation has not be discovered.Therefore,I took the "Flying " of Kaiyuan Temple as the prototype.Researching and creating of freehand oil paintings,and exploring the composition,color,and technique.Trying to restore the unique characteristic of Quanzhou "Flying",integrating romantic imagination and various cultural elements,and showing the charm of Quanzhou "Flying" in the form of freehand oil painting.Using freehand oil painting to express Quanzhou "Flying" is more conform to the posture of "flying",which getting rid of the shackles of the world and soaring freely in the sky.It can be better shown the national spirit of " integration of nature and human" in the "Flying" art;At the same time,Quanzhou "Flying" is a product that combing local culture and diverse heterogeneous cultures.It is also an exploration of the integration of Chinese and Western culture and art.Quanzhou "flying" art is one of the most important factors in the composition of traditional Chinese culture,and it also provides various materials for the creation of Freehand oil painters.In my opinions,I hope to shows Quanzhou’s unique regional culture and strongly humanistic spirit through my own research and creation,and expands some new ideas to artists to conduct research and creation on similar themes in the future.