The Study Of Capital Officials Assessment In Wanli Period

The Ming Dynasty initiated the capital officials assessment institution,the original intention is to regulate the behavior of capital officials effectively and purify the atmosphere of officialdom.In the early and middle period of Ming Dynasty,the capital officials assessment institution could play its due role,To the late Ming,especially Wanli period,Because of the special political and social circumstances,capital officials assessment became a tool of political conflict.To study the capital officials assessment of Wanli period,first,we need to know the general situation of the capital officials assessment institution.The process of the establishment of the capital officials assessment institution in Ming Dynasty;The participating agencies and presiding officers of the capital officials assessment,The duties of Ministry of Personnel and Censors and supervising officials in the capital officials assessment,Cabinet did not assess the authority of officials in terms of institutional provisions.However,under the permission of the emperor,Cabinet was often able to intervene in the process and results of the assessment;There are different assessment methods for the capital officials of grade 4 and above and grade 5 and below;The emperor sent the result of the capital officials assessment,then the monitors began to accuse the un-punishment officials.Understanding the capital officials assessment institution background of the Ming Dynasty also provides the necessary knowledge for the following narration.The capital officials assessment was manipulated for ulterior motives in Wanli period,because the special political and social circumstances.The first is the change of the attitude of Emperor Shenzong to government.Wanli since the middle,Shenzong was passive and idle in politics for a long time,the greatest impact on capital officials assessment are that don’t meet officials and don’t send document and lack of officer not to fill.Secondly,Ming dynasty cabinet and Ministry of Personnel checks and balances of the political system.Ministry of Personnel had the authority of selecting officials and assessment officials.When the power of the cabinet expanded,to seize the authority of the Ministry of Personnel.If the Ministry of Personnel obeys the cabinet,contradictions between the cabinet and the Ministry of Personnel can be temporarily eased.When the Ministry of Personnel insisted on its own independent administrative functions,conflicts will become acute.Another,commodity economy prospered in the middle and later period of Ming Dynasty,It stimulates people’s pursuit of material interests,There is a wave of extravagance in society.In the luxury and impetuous social environment,officials’ traditional view of justice and interests is under attack,the consciousness of profit increases accordingly.For personal gain,in accordance with the rights attached to the potential,All day,a minister plots against the enemy.Wanli since middle began large-scale political conflict.The six-yearly capital officials assessment has become a tool of intolerance.The most representative is Wanli twenty-one year Guisi Jingcha.This time,there is no peace between the cabinet and the Ministry of Personnel.Wanli thirty-three years Yisi Jingcha.This time,there is no peace in the cabinet ministers.Wanli thirty-nine years of Xinhai Jingcha.This time,Kun,Xuan,Qi,Chu,Zhe,five parties and donglin party smoke fills the air.Wanli forty-five years of Ding Si Jingcha.donglin party was expelled.Through the analysis of the four capital officials assessments with their own characteristics,we can get a sense of the political situation at the time.During the Wanli period,the capital officials assessment became a tool for different political interest groups to fight against their opponents,It was not only a shock to the Wanli dynasty,It even had a significant negative impact on the political ecology of officialdom in the late Ming Dynasty.The most direct impact is the receding of capital officials assessment.It can not effectively supervise and alert the capital officials,the capital officials were even more unscrupulous in their personal desires,ministers are out of office and petty ministers devour them,officialdom became increasingly corrupt.in addition,shenzong detested the monitors,tired in the party,the most direct expression is that lack of officials did not fill,seriously affected the normal operation of the government,the political situation is more chaotic.