Study On The Relationship Between Residence And Tomb In Guanzhong Area During Shang And Zhou Dynasties Of Northwest

The residence and tomb relation is research for the time,space,distribution pattern and the characteristics of the people at its back.This thesis takes archaeological remains of the Shang and Zhou dynasties in Guanzhong area as study object,carries out analysis on the spatial position relation of the residence and tomb,marks out different types of the residence and tomb,discusses the evolutionary characteristics of different types,reveals the difference and similarity of residence and tomb relation of various districts of Guanzhong,discusses the characteristics of cluster of different grades and different features in the residence and tomb mode and selection of residence and burying location.Through comparison of residence and tomb relation between Guanzhong area and Shang cultural core zone and its surrounding areas,discusses residence and tomb mode of different people and problems of their influence to residence and tomb relation of Guanzhong area,etc.The first part is introduction,which introduces study background of the residence and tomb relation,combs tomb and residence remains of various archaeological sites of Shang and Zhou dynasties of Guanzhong area,reveals existing problems of current research,then further elaborates the research purpose,significance and method of this thesis.The second part is division of residence and tomb types.It takes archaeological sites of the Shang and Zhou dynasties of Guanzhong area as study object,discusses relationship between residence and tomb in the same period on basis of divided periods of remaining,divides residence and tomb relation into three types according to spatial position relation: A type is“separation of residence and tomb”;B type is “relative separation of residence and tomb”;C type is “residence and tomb in the same area”.The third part analyzes residence and tomb relation of Shang and Zhou dynasties in Guanzhong area from diachronism and synchronicity perspectives.Diachronism analysis showed evolution process of different residence and tomb types as well as the variation circumstance of residence and tomb types of Guanzhong area in Shang and Zhou dynasties;synchronicity analysis showed distribution circumstance of residence and tomb types of the same period in all regions of Guanzhong as well as the difference of residence and tomb characteristics of the Shang and Zhou people.The fourth part starts from grade of settlement,discusses its influence to residence and tomb types and selection of residence and burying location.Research showed settlement of capital is compound residence and tomb mode with coexistence of multiple residence and tomb ways;the residence and tomb mode of clusters of fiefdom grade settlement is related to the complete degree of its functional zone;medium and small size settlement showed single type residence and tomb mode.Residence inside the settlement and selection of tomb location is closely related to people constitute,organizational structure of the society,residence and burying conception,the position of tomb showed eastern and northern bias to the residence.The fifth part is comparative analysis of residence and tomb relation of the Guanzhong area with other districts.The early Shang dynasty was influenced by Shang cultural core zone,Guanzhong area showed residence and tomb characteristics consistent with Shang cultural core zone,various regions showed different residence and tomb characteristics in late Shang dynasty,“separation of residence and tomb” became mainstream residence and tomb relation of Guanzhong area in Western Zhou dynasty under the influence of Zhou culture,and radiated and influenced surrounding areas through enfeoffment system.People in Shang and Zhou dynasties had certain “obstinacy” in the conception of life and death,the handicraft workers of Yin Yimin kept traditional “residence and tomb in the same area” both in time and space.The sixth part is conclusion that summarizes main idea and cognition of the whole thesis.