A Study On The Salaries Of Officials In The Heilongjiang General's Jurisdiction In The Qing Dynast

The salary is a kind of reward given to the officials by the dynasty,and the salary in the Qing Dynasty is mainly in two ways: silver and rice.The Qing Dynasty was established by ethnic minorities in the Central Plains,and its system mainly inherited the Ming Dynasty,including the salary system,it inherited the principle of low salaries of the Ming Dynasty.Heilongjiang is located in the northernmost part of China,bordering tsarist Russia in the north.Due to the cold climate,previous dynasties did not receive much attention.In the Qing Dynasty,Nuerhachi started its troops and began to actively govern and develop it as a place of origin.The general of Heilongjiang was set up mainly to resist the frequent invasion of northern China by tsarist Russia.Then a group of officials were set up to assist the work of Heilongjiang generals,from which the salaries of officials in Heilongjiang general’s jurisdiction began,which went through the initial stage of Kangxi period,to the adjustment stage of Yongzheng period,and then to the transformation stage of Guang Xu years.The transformation stage of Guang Xu’s years is not only a symbol of the collapse of the salary system that has lasted for thousands of years,but also a symbol of the beginning of the modern new salary system.The reward and punishment system of official salary is an important aspect of the salary system.The reward and punishment of official salary in Heilongjiang area is not only the same as that in other areas,such as reward for red and white affairs,heart red silver,etc.,but also has its unique system for Heilongjiang,such as the penalty system for escaping people and the governance of officials and villages,which is its especial system.The salaries of officials in Heilongjiang General’s jurisdiction mainly come from three aspects: local taxation,central allocation and assistance from other provinces.Among them,central allocation and provincial assistance are the main sources.In the middle and late Qing Dynasty,with the deepening of the development of Heilongjiang area,the agricultural development of Hulan,Tongken and other places had obvious results,and its land tax was also an important supplement to the salaries of officials in the general area of Heilongjiang.The salaries of officials in Heilongjiang General area not only play a positive role in stabilizing the border areas and ensuring the sources of income of officials,but also have the limitations of the rapid decline of the combat effectiveness of the army under the background of the times and the serious lack of salaries in the late Qing Dynasty.the change of the salary of the officials in the general area of Heilongjiang can be regarded as a microcosm of the salary change of the Qing Dynasty.From the evolution of the salaries of the officials in the general area of Heilongjiang,we can see not only the policy changes of the Qing Dynasty towards the northeast frontier,but also the political and economic system changes of the Qing government.What’s more,we can see the development thread of the whole Qing Dynasty from its founding to its prosperity and then to its decline.