Research On The Criminal Division And The Judicial Division Of Shangjing Area In Jin Dynasty

After the Jurchens established the Jin Dynasty,based on the legal framework of the past dynasties and incorporating ethnic factors,after several years of development,they formed a complete set of local judicial institutions,the Criminal Division and the Judicial Division.In recent years,some achievements have been made in the research on the institutional evolution and personnel appointment of the Criminal Division and the Procuratorate Division in the Jin Dynasty.,did not do specific and in-depth research,and became a relatively weak link in the study of the institutional history of the Jin Dynasty.In particular,the Shangjing area,as the place where the Jurchens lived,was less influenced by the culture of the Central Plains,and this difference is even more significant.Through the study of this difference,we can better understand the specific situation of the Jin Dynasty’s governance of the Shangjing area,and realize the problems caused by the implementation of the Han system in the minority areas.This article mainly has four chapters:First of all,it discusses that the Jin Dynasty’s system of mentioning criminal divisions and judging divisions is based on inheriting the systems of Tang,Liao,and Song Dynasties,and incorporating Jurchen ethnic factors,and finally formed the Jin Dynasty’s system of raising criminal divisions and judging divisions.In addition,it analyzes the reasons for the lack of local supervisory institutions in the early Jin Dynasty.The Jurchen was not feudalized enough to adapt to the judicial system in the Central Plains,and the actual situation changed.Secondly,it discusses the three institutional and functional changes of the criminal justice department and the judicial department in the Shangjing area,which are different from those in the Central Plains.The inspector envoy concurrently served as the comfort envoy and gained military power in the Northeast region;the third time was when the transfer envoy on Liaodong Road also served as the deputy envoy on Shangjing Road.At the same time,it analyzes the internal historical reasons of the above three changes.Again,it is demonstrated that the Jinyuan inland system has four characteristics different from the Central Plains system: first,political measures tailored to local conditions;second,a wide range of jurisdiction;third,comprehensive institutional functions;The real person reflects the characteristics that the rulers of the Jin Dynasty did not fully believe in other ethnic groups,but were still based on Jurchen.Finally,by summarizing and absorbing the successful experience and shortcomings of Jindai Shangjing Road’s criminal division and the procuratorial division system,four suggestions are put forward for the development of the national supervision system: first,the implementation of policies should be adapted to local conditions;second,the supervision agencies should be independent;Third,clarify the responsibilities of local supervisory agencies;Fourth,establish an internal supervision mechanism.