| In 1973,the“South Tea North Diversion”project in Rizhao City was a complete success.Today,the tea industry has become an important pillar industry in Rizhao,not only playing an indispensable role in the agricultural and economic development of Rizhao,but also occupying an important position in the tea industry of Shandong Province.The quality and level of land use of tea plantations determines the extent to which the tea industry can achieve sustainable development in the future.The different ways of land use of tea plantations by diversified management agents lead to differences in the efficiency of land use of tea plantations.Therefore,on the basis of exploring the differences in land use efficiency of tea gardens by diversified business entities,analysing the influencing factors and putting forward targeted suggestions,it is of great significance to improve the land use efficiency of tea plantations in Rizhao and promote the high-quality development of the tea industry.This paper takes Rizhao as the research area,and focuses on the land use of tea plantations by diversified business entities based on the perspective of diversified business entities.Firstly,the paper uses DEA model to measure the comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of tea plantations land use of the four main types of business subjects,namely,ordinary farmers,large professional households,tea professional cooperatives and tea enterprises.Secondly,through the use of Tobit regression model and qualitative analysis,the common driving factors affecting the land use efficiency of tea plantations of tea farmers,tea professional cooperatives and tea enterprises were extracted.Finally,based on the driving factors affecting the land use efficiency of tea gardens in Rizhao at the present stage,targeted countermeasure suggestions were made to improve the land use efficiency of tea plantations in Rizhao.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1)Among the samples of ordinary farmers,large professional households,professional cooperatives and tea enterprises,the percentages of samples with valid land use efficiency values for tea plantations were 2.94%,7.14%,16.67% and 20%respectively.The low efficiency of land use in tea plantations of ordinary farmers is mainly constrained by individual farmers,the scale of land use and access to market information;scale efficiency is the main factor limiting the comprehensive efficiency of land use in tea plantations of large professional households;the efficiency of land use in tea plantations of professional cooperatives is constrained by both pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency;low pure technical efficiency has to a certain extent hindered the efficiency of land use in tea gardens of tea enterprises.(2)The overall land use efficiency value of tea plantations in Rizhao is at a low level,with the mean values of comprehensive efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency being 0.604,0.789 and 0.773 respectively,with a gap between them and the effective value of efficiency1.Among the four main bodies engaged in tea production,the comprehensive efficiency value and pure technical efficiency value rank in the following order: professional large households,professional cooperatives,tea enterprises,and ordinary farmers;The ranking of scale efficiency value is: tea enterprises,professional cooperatives,professional large households,and ordinary farmers.(3)The efficiency of tea plantations land use in Rizhao City is mostly at the stage of incremental returns to scale,and it is necessary to increase the factor inputs to tea plantations on the existing basis to achieve a reasonable allocation of tea plantations and input resources,increase output and improve the level of land use.(4)The factors influencing the efficiency of land use in tea plantations differ slightly between tea farmers and tea cooperatives and tea enterprises,but also have their common influencing factors,mainly in five aspects: the growth period of tea trees,soil quality,production technology,the level of mechanisation development,and policy support.Based on the above conclusions,in order to effectively improve the land use efficiency of tea plantation in Rizhao City and achieve efficient land use,the following countermeasures and suggestions are proposed:(1)Starting from the internal factors of the tea plantation,enhancing soil fertility and improving soil quality;selecting quality tea trees and renewing aging tea plantations.(2)Pay attention to the improvement of pure technical efficiency,and improve the pure technical efficiency of tea plantation land from the aspects of production machinery innovation,application and strengthening labor technical training;(3)The government should actively play a leading role,implement corresponding supporting policies for diversified business entities,and guide the joint development of diversified business entities to achieve win-win results;At the same time,precise subsidies should be made to improve the practicability and satisfaction of policy subsidies;(4)Pay attention to improving scale efficiency and realize scale operation through land circulation;(5)Seize the opportunity of “Internet+” to build an "online and offline" sales model to expand the sales market. |
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