Study On The Libian Of Bamboo Slips In Zhangjiashan Han Tomb

In the 1980 s,the Han tomb No.247 of Zhangjiashan(张家山)was cleared up in Jiangling(江陵),Hubei Province.There are 1,236 bamboo slips(excluding fragments)in Han tomb No.247.The total number of Han bamboo slips is more than36,500 words.It is an extremely important historical document with rich content.By studying the’calendar’in the tomb,it is found that the earliest year recorded in it is the fifth year of Gaozu of Han Dynasty and the last year is the second year of Empress Lyu.Therefore,the academic circle believes that the’second year’of the’two-year law’should be the second year of Empress Lyu(186 BC).That is to say,the decree should be implemented from the 5th year of Gaozu of Han Dynasty to the2nd year of Empress Lyu.Thus,it is concluded that the bamboo slips of Zhangjiashan Han tomb belong to the early Western Han Dynasty.This period is in the critical period of the development and evolution of Chinese characters,and is in the transitional period of the integration of ancient characters and modern characters,which is of great significance to the study of the development of Chinese characters.This paper takes the characters of Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips as the main research object,examines the source and development law of its official changes,and contributes to the study of the characters and glyphs between the Qin and Han dynasties.This article is divided into five chapters :The first chapter is the introduction,which clarifies the research object and research method of this paper,summarizes the current research status of Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips and Libian(隶变)phenomenon,and clarifies the value of the research.The second chapter studies the source of Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips.By comparing the font of Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips with calligraphy,Qin bamboo slips,bronze inscriptions,and other Warring States characters,it is demonstrated that the font of Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips are directly derived from Qin bamboo slips.In the process of its development,it was also influenced by ancient characters and the characters of the Six Kingdoms.The third chapter summarizes and analyzes the font characteristics of Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips from the two directions of font structure and writing style through historical comparison.The characters of Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips show the characteristics of instability in the font structure,and have the dual characteristics of seal script and official script in the writing style,and the grass writing method is produced.The fourth chapter focuses on the change law of the character form of Zhangjiashan Han bamboo slips from the two aspects of strokes and structure.The law of Libian at the stroke level is summarized as stroke,simplification,complexity,and stroke disconnection.The law of change at the structural level is summarized as simplification,complexity,alienation,assimilation,and component mixing.The fifth chapter discusses the causes and effects of the change of the shape of Zhangjiashan bamboo slips.The root cause of the change of Zhangjiashan bamboo slips is the internal evolution of language,and the development and change of writing materials and tools and social and historical factors play a role in it.It also influenced the Chinese character system from four aspects : the basic unit,the component,the glyph structure and the font.