Individual Civic Virtue And Social Salvatio

In the enlightenment era of carrying forward the " rational legislation for nature," the productivity brought by scientific and technological progress has created unprecedented huge material wealth in human society.However,the contradiction of modernity has followed.People embrace wealth,but lose happiness.Whether the society really obtains “ progress “ or not,and what is the problem of human ‘ s“ virtue “ return to vision again.In 1762,Rousseau published Emile,which is regarded as the most important masterpiece in his life.In Emile,which takes educational content as the genre,Rousseau starts from the core point of view that ”human beings are innate goodness “,and takes the protagonist Emile ’ s whole life process from infancy to qualified citizens as the “experimental field “ He puts forward how to maximize the preservation of people ’ s natural virtue of goodness and thus become the path of shaping qualified citizens.In Emile,Rousseau abandoned the path of traditional political philosophy to pursue the virtue of city and the legitimacy of political system by educating “class “,and instead sought to educate “individual“ to make it self-evident,constantly pursue freedom and self-improvement,and then form a virtuous “ class “ in the aggregation of individuals with freedom and gifted virtue,so as to complete the redemption of the degeneration of human society.In Emile,Rousseau deeply explains what kind of state he pursues “ the barbarian in the city “.Rousseau emphasizes that Emile’s good nature originates from talent,and must conform to nature if he wants to preserve it.Emile is “the barbarian in the city “.He does not rely on others from the heart,he cooperates with others,uses social relations to survive,rather than relies on social relations to survive.His freedom is a natural talent.His inner value system is not a false fantasy.He is not the enemy of others.He has everything he has.His respect for God originates from the understanding of the natural order.Although he was a civilized man,he had a ’barbarian core,a “Robinson” living in the city.In Emile,we can clearly see Rousseau’s theoretical logic on the issue of individual citizen’s virtue.First of all,the natural goodness of individual citizen’s talent is a good way to cure all “ evils ” of society.Citizen’s virtue is not given by the city state,but by citizen’s self-consistency.It is also that citizens have innate goodness to redeem the acquired evil.Second,Rousseau’s theory and ideal society as an individual citizen is a community’s“redeemer” identity,individuals in the dialectical game with the community,once again obtained the initial creation of the community’s “ hero “ role,bear the role of saving the community;third,nature,justice and rationality jointly constitute the three dimensions of Rousseau’s individual citizen’s virtue.The goodness of nature enables it to feel the justice of nature embodied in natural religion in nature,and it is precisely because of its own rationality that it can understand this natural virtue and justice,so as to promote individual citizens to actively enter social practice.Emile makes Rousseau’s thought more holistic.In a society composed of countless Emiles,no one does not have the natural goodness of talent,no one has the desire to serve others,no one will attach himself to any social relationship and lose pure freedom,no one will falsify,no one will attach his happiness to others,and God ’s justice is truly felt in the justice of natural order.Emil is not only an ordinary person,but also a legislator.In a society composed of Emiles,justice and realization of public will and social contract are possible.