A Study Of Teaching Grammatical Order Of Preposition Structures To Elementary Or Intermediate Level Learners Of Chinese As A Foreign Language

Preposition structure is not only a focus of modern Chinese ontology research,but also a difficult point in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Grammatical order is the main means to express meaning,so we should pay more attention to the teaching of grammatical order of preposition structure.In modern Chinese language,the position of preposition structure is relatively flexible but also subject to certain restrictions.The semantic relationship between the preposition structure and the verb,the type of predicate part of speech that the preposition structure modifies,the topic marking,the focus highlighting,the discourse style and other pragmatic factors could also restrict the grammatical order of the preposition structure.Meanwhile,the grammatical order of preposition structure follows the principle of iconicity,which conforms to the cognitive rule of Chinese language.This paper selects 10 prepositions,including "zai","gen","cong","dui","xiang","wang","ba","bei","weile" and "chule",to analyze the grammatical order of their preposition structures,based on the "Global Chinese Interlanguage Corpus" as the main corpus source,supplemented by the questionnaire data of 200 students from Grade 2 to Grade 5 in Pahoa in Indonesia.It is found that there are some commonalities in grammatical order errors of preposition structures made by elementary and intermediate Chinese-level Chinese learners,which can be concluded into five types of errors: inverting grammatical order inside preposition structure,inverting grammatical order outside preposition structure,preposition structure shifting,preposition structure splitting,and mixed preposition structure error.The quantitative distribution of these five types of errors is different.Among them,inverting grammatical order outside preposition structure accounts for the largest proportion,followed by preposition structure shifting and mixed preposition structure error,and inverting grammatical order inside preposition structure and preposition structure splitting errors are less.Based on the types of grammatical order errors of preposition structure,the causes of learners’ errors are mainly the interference of language prior cognition,the influence of grammatical order output strategy,the restriction of language universal rules and the forgetting caused by insufficient repetition.The teaching practice shows that using cognitive schema to explain language structure,cultivating language sense according to block theory,grasping memory rules and strengthen training,paying attention to grammatical order reasoning to construct Chinese language thinking can effectively avoid errors and construct correct grammatical order thinking of Chinese language.