Freud In The Aesthetic Vision Of Zhu Guangqian

Psychology is the first subject that Zhu Guangqian came into contact with systematically after he embarked on the academic road,which not only runs through most of Zhu Guangqian’s academic career,but also is closely related to many key aesthetic propositions of Zhu Guangqian.It can be said that psychology is the theoretical basis of Zhu Guangqian’s early academic research.After Zhu Guangqian entered the University of Hong Kong,his first published article in vernacular Chinese was to introduce Sigmund Freud,a psychiatrist and psychologist in Austria,to his article "Froude’s Theory of Hidden Consciousness and Psychoanalysis".This is not only the first complete and systematic exposition of Freud’s abnormal psychology in China,but also the first step for Zhu Guangqian to study Freud’s psychology.With this as the beginning,Zhu Guangqian’s early academic works began to explain and evaluate Freud’s psychoanalysis theory and literary and artistic views from different perspectives,and creatively transformed these arguments to varying degrees.Zhu Guangqian’s attitude towards Freudianism has gone through four stages: introduction,analysis and judgment,sublation and acceptance,and farewell forever,which also confirms Zhu Guangqian’s several periods from the formation of the early aesthetic structure to the maturity of the later aesthetic structure.In his works,Zhu Guangqian often mentions that he tends to be influenced by philosophers such as Croce and Nietzsche,so that many scholars seldom involve such a proposition as "Zhu Guangqian and Freud" when they study Zhu Guangqian.However,before Zhu Guangqian specialized in the field of aesthetics and literary criticism,most of his early works spent a lot of ink on Freud,and many of his views seemed to absorb and draw lessons from Freud’s theory.Zhu Guangqian gradually established his own early aesthetic system under the evaluation and sublation of Freud’s theory.This paper will analyze Zhu Guangqian’s Freudian theory from the perspective of Freud to prove that the proposition of "Zhu Guangqian and Freud" is of great practical significance.The following four aspects are the main contents of this paper.The first chapter discusses the psychological background of Zhu Guangqian’s research on Freud.Abnormal psychology,as the center of Zhu Guangqian’s interest in psychology,is the basis of his study of Freud.Tragic psychology,as the core of Zhu Guangqian’s research during his doctoral period,is the accumulation of his research on Freud.Literary psychology,as the symbol of the initial maturity of Zhu Guangqian’s aesthetic system,is the cornerstone of his research on Freud.The second chapter discusses how Zhu Guangqian studies Freud’s theory from various angles.Zhu Guangqian’s research on Freud has gone through three stages: the early introduction of the text without any subjective attitude,the middle evaluation with a scientific attitude based on psychology,and the later reference and sublation of Freud’s "desire sublimation theory","Oedipus complex" and "genius theory" based on literary psychology.The third chapter discusses how Zhu Guangqian uses Freud’s "contradictory emotion" and "catharsis theory" to explain the argument that the pleasure of tragedy is "pleasure in pain" after analyzing Freud’s artistic view based on literary psychology,and how he uses Freud’s "daydream" to prove that artistic impulse originates from game impulse;And how to realize the creative transformation of his "inspiration theory" by drawing lessons from Freud’s "subconscious".The fourth chapter summarizes the epochal and practical significance of Zhu Guangqian’s research on Freud for various disciplines.First of all,Zhu Guangqian’s translation of Freud’s unconscious provides a reference for future generations of scholars who study Freud’s theory.Secondly,Zhu Guangqian’s Psychology of Literature and Art,written in the way of the intersection of literature and art and psychology,has set up a paradigm template for the discipline of literature and art.Moreover,it is precisely because of the introduction of Freudianism into China by Zhu Guangqian and other scholars in the early period that the literature and youth of that era gained a glimmer of hope under the oppression of the extremely repressive feudal ethics.Finally,on the premise of clarifying the influence of Freud on Zhu Guangqian’s aesthetic system in the above chapters,this paper discusses why Zhu Guangqian seldom mentions his reference and support to Freud in his works,and delves into these deep reasons,which has a very important enlightenment for our later research on the topic of "Zhu Guangqian and Freud".This paper takes Zhu Guangqian’s research on Freud as the object,combs Zhu Guangqian’s comments and references on Freud’s theory under the background of aesthetic horizon,and further explores the hidden connection between Zhu Guangqian and Freud.