Research On The Driving Force Of The Sinicization Of Catholicism In Shanghai In The First Half Of The 20th Centur

As a culture from the West,the process of sinicization of Catholicism has already begun as its first introduction into China.After the 20 th century,the continuous rise of political movements and ideological changes in Chinese society forced missionaries to change the traditional way of missionary work in the past.At the same time,outstanding leaders and intellectuals both inside and outside the church have continuously explored the path of the Chinese Catholic Church.Shanghai is the "bridgehead" of the Catholic missionary cause in modern China.The sinicization of Catholicism in Shanghai is not only an important part of Shanghai’s historical research,but also an important component of the development of Catholicism in China at the same time.Its research also has reference significance for the advancement of contemporary Catholicism in China.This article studies the sinicization of Catholicism in Shanghai with the driving force as the starting point.It first sorts out the historical overview of the development of Catholicism in Shanghai from the Ming and Qing dynasties to the pre 20 th century,and analyzes the impact of the development achievements of Catholicism in Shanghai during this process on the development after the 20 th century.The focus is on the investigation of the three driving forces that promoted the sinicization of Catholicism in Shanghai in the first half of the 20 th century,namely,churches,believers,and culture.This article believes that the adjustment of church missionary policies is the external driving force for the sinicization of Catholicism in Shanghai;The needs of believers are the internal driving force behind the sinicization of Catholicism in Shanghai;The outstanding work of the intellectual elite has provided an important cultural impetus for the sinicization of Catholicism in Shanghai.The cultural driving force was specifically manifested in the cultural undertakings of the Catholic Church in Shanghai at that time.In order to conduct a specific analysis of this,we chose to conduct case studies on two editions of the Chinese Bible,the Aurora University,and the Revue Catholique.This article believes that the sinicization of Catholicism in Shanghai in the first half of the 20 th century was mainly developed and evolved under the joint influence of the above three driving forces.The Catholic localization policy of the Holy See is one of the core elements of the Church’s driving force;The development needs of the local church organizational structure,rituals,and theories in Shanghai are another important driving force for its sinicization;Shanghai,as an international metropolis,presents various forms of cultural exchanges and collisions between China and the West,providing an equal platform for dialogue and a strong cultural driving force for Catholic and Chinese culture.In terms of time,although these three forces all promoted the sinicization of Catholicism in Shanghai during this period,due to the differences in the ultimate goals of these three forces,their actual effects were also constantly changing during the development process in the first half of the 20 th century.In the midst of this change,the driving force of culture continues to increase,attracting attention.In terms of space,the driving force of culture has made a significant difference in the characteristics of the sinicization of Catholicism between Shanghai and many parts of China.In addition,the social environment of Shanghai at that time also had a special impact on the role of the three driving forces.