A Study On Urban Water Industry Construction In Imperial Russia Between 18^th. And Early 20^th. Сentury

From the 18^th.to the beginning of the 20^th.century,with the development of industrialization and urbanization in Russia,the water pollution become increasingly serious.It is difficult for traditional urban watersupply methods to provide urban residents with clean water.This article focuses on the water construction in Russia from the 18^th.to the beginning of the 20^th.century.On the basis of studying historical materials and existing researches,author analyzes the causes,impediments and achievements of urban water construction in Imperial Russia.This article has three parts:introduction,main text,and conclusion.The introduction explains the significances,briefly reviews the current researches and historical materials,introduces the research methods and approaches,and analyzes the innovations and shortcomings of the article.The first,second,third,fourth,and fifth chapters are the main text of this article.Starting from the hydrological and meteorological conditions of Russia in the18^th.–early 20^th.century,chapter 1 analyzes the natural background of urban water construction in Russia.Chapter 2 analyzes the industrialization,urbanization and urban water pollution in Russia.Chapter 3 analyzes the political and economic environment in Russian cities.Chapter 4 outlines the development and achievements of urban water construction in Russia through four aspects:palace water,urban living water,urban production water,and urban drainage and sewage treatment.Chapter 5evaluates the achievements of urban water construction in Imperial Russia.The conclusion part summarizes the full text.