A Cosmopolitan Approach To Global Justice

In today’s world,human beings are in an era of interconnection and accelerating interaction.Especially in the context of the covid-19 pandemic,the fact that disease knows no borders is a profound demonstration of the global human vulnerability and interconnection.How to respect the value of human life,realize the fair distribution of resources and deal with the global challenge is the problem which contemporary cosmopolitan justice theory is devoted to solve.With the help of the cosmopolitan model of global justice provided by Gillian Brock,this paper explores how to promote global justice by analyzing its theoretical framework and its application in real cases.This paper is divided into two parts: theory and practical cases.Firstly,on a theoretical level,Bullock’s cosmopolitan model holds that,based on the principle of a need-based minimum threshold and the principle of equal opportunities for decent people around the world,everyone can have the opportunities and resources necessary to achieve a minimum of decent living.With regard to the question of what responsibilities we have towards each other in terms of protecting people’s prospects for a decent life,the cosmopolitan model leaves ample room for the theory of special preferences: if we assume the obligation to establish,implement and protect a basic global framework,and within that framework,if basic needs and fundamental freedoms can be protected and conditions for fair cooperation can be guaranteed,then a reasonable form of special preference theory is worthy of respect.The cosmopolitan model thus responds to the challenge of nationalism.Secondly,the global distribution of Covid-19 is a realistic example of how Bullock’s cosmopolitan model can derive workable public policy principles from the theory of global justice,the model can both provide solutions to the conflict between global public interest and vaccine nationalism,and complement the existing COVAX global vaccine distribution mechanism with the required framework,make the distribution of vaccines more fair and transparent.The cosmopolitan model thus responds to the challenge of feasibility skepticism.In the light of Brock’s model of cosmopolitanism,which is examined in the preceding chapters,this article at least shows what kind of public policy a cosmopolitan should support,how to look at the relationship between the nation-state and the Global System of cooperation and what kind of global ideal of justice is desirable.Global challenges transcend national borders,and beyond caring for those around us,perhaps we can always maintain the value of equality for all,and practice some of the practical ideas of global justice.