Metaphorical Consistency Or Metaphorical Compensation Effect:Validation Of The Role Of Event,Measurement,and Metaphor Type

Metaphor,as an important way of language expression,runs through all aspects of our life and helps us to understand the world.It is mainly manifested by using intuitive physical concepts to compare complex abstract concepts.Recent studies have shown that metaphor not only connects two conceptual domains at the level of language and text,but also has an impact on our cognition in a realistic sense of psychology.The specific effects of metaphor on cognition are metaphorical congruence effect and metaphorical compensation effect.Metaphorical congruence effect refers to that in a group of metaphors,activating one conceptual category will promote the cognitive processing of another conceptual category in the same direction,while metaphorical compensation effect affects people’s cognition and feelings in the opposite way.It is mainly manifested in that after experiencing negative experience related to one conceptual category in a group of metaphors,People tend to prefer the opposite positive concept in another conceptual category to compensate for the previous negative perception.There is no systematic study on the occurrence rules of the two kinds of metaphorical effects.Previous studies have found different metaphorical effects under different experimental conditions.This study attempts to explore the occurrence of metaphorical effects under different conditions by starting with three influencing factors:event role,metaphor type and measurement method.In experiment 1 and experiment 2,using the "black and white--moral" metaphor as the theme,the "cheap talk sender-receiver game" paradigm was used to induce the feelings of "causing immoral events" and "receiving immoral events" of the experimental group respectively,and then the differences between the experimental group and the corresponding control group in terms of sensitivity,item preference and reaction time were measured.By observing the performance of the two kinds of metaphorical effects,it is found that the individuals who "cause immoral events" show no metaphorical effect in the measurement results of receptivity and reaction,but show metaphorical consistency effect in the measurement results of object preference,while the individuals who "suffer immoral events" show metaphorical consistency effect in the measurement results of receptivity.The metaphorical compensation effect was observed in item preference and response measurements.In experiment 3 and experiment 4,with the theme of "temperaturesocial" metaphor,the experimental group used the "virtual ball-tossing exercise" paradigm to induce the feelings of "isolating others" and "being isolated by others",and then measured the differences between the experimental group and the corresponding control group in terms of sensitivity,object preference and reaction time,and observed the performance of the two metaphorical effects.It is found that individuals who "isolate others" show no metaphorical effect on the measurement results of receptivity and reaction,but show metaphorical consistency effect on the measurement results of object preference,while individuals who "are isolated by others" show metaphorical consistency effect on the measurement results of receptivity and metaphorical compensation effect on the measurement results of object preference and reaction.The results are summarized as follows:(1)the role of events and the way of measurement can affect the expression of metaphorical effect.Specifically,the individuals causing negative events only show metaphorical consistency effect in the measurement results of object preference,but do not show metaphorical consistency effect in the measurement results of receptivity and reaction;Individuals subjected to negative events show metaphorical congruence effect on the measurement results of receptivity and metaphorical compensatory effect on the measurement results of object preference and response.(2)The above results were consistent in two different metaphorical associations: "black and white--moral" and "temperature--social".