The Acquisition Of Chinese Stops By Learners With Different Native Language Background

Thai,Korean,Nigerian Igbo and Arabic have different types of stops.They are clear and unaspirated,clear aspirated and voiced,loose,tight and aspirated,unaspirated and voiced,unaspirated and voiced,and unaspirated and voiced.In this thesis,the acoustic experiment method is used to analyze the Chinese stops pattern of learners with these four native language backgrounds,study the acquisition situation and test the second language acquisition theory,analyze the types of errors and provide targeted teaching programs.The experimental results show that learners in Thailand,South Korea and Nigeria have better acquisition of unaspirated stops,while learners in Yemen have dullness in unaspirated stops.Learners in Thailand have a good acquisition of aspirated stops,while learners in South Korea,Nigeria and Yemen all have insufficient aspirated stops.In terms of vocal cord tension,Thai and South Korean learners pronounced the unaspirated stops tightly,while Nigerian and Yemeni learners pronounced the unaspirated stops relaxed.Learners in Thailand have better acquisition of aspirated stops,while learners in Korea,Nigeria and Yemen all have tight pronunciation of aspirated stops.The experimental results support the markability hypothesis and perceptual assimilation model,and partly conform to the contrastive analysis hypothesis,which revises the speech act model theory.According to the theoretical test,the acquisition conclusion of learners with different native language backgrounds is drawn: learners with aspirated stops in their native language acquire Chinese aspirated stops better than learners without aspirated stops in their native language;However,the degree of similarity of the aspirated stops in the first language will also affect the acquisition of learners,that is,learners with a high degree of similarity get better acquisition,while learners with a low degree of similarity get worse acquisition.For learners who do not have aspirated stops in their mother tongue,the acquisition of Chinese aspirated stops will be affected by the negative transfer of phonemes of their mother tongue.Only when learners correctly master the aspirated stops method in the early stage,can they acquire it better in the later stage.Learners’ Chinese stops error is mainly manifested in the following four aspects:First,insufficient degree of aspiration.Second,high degree of vocal cord tension.Third,mother tongue dullness interference.Fourth,delayed tongue position of the root stopper of the aspirated tongue.In view of the above errors,the paper puts forward four teaching methods,and combined with the pronunciation teaching part of "New Practical Chinese Textbook 1",designed a specific teaching program.