A Study Of The Relationship Between The Roman Emperor And The Senate During The Reign Of Tiberius

Tiberius was the second Emperor of the Roman Empire,and his ruling period was the node of the development of the principate system from its inception to its institutionalization;The Senate has existed since the Republic period,and its functions are still changing during the principate period.The relationship between the two is not only the relationship between the new and old systems,but also the relationship between Tiberius as an individual leader and the Senate as the institutionalized institution.It is also a good observation point to clarify the relationship between the "Roman Empire" and the "Roman Republic".This article takes the relationship between the Roman Emperor and the Senate during the reign of Tiberius as the main thread,and gradually discusses from three major aspects: selection of officials,judiciary,provincial administration and the handling of external affairs,from the foundation to a higher level,and from inside to outside.Select the relationship between Tiberius and the Senate in the selection of administrative personnel,the trial of "treason",and the reception of embassies as representative observation points.Therefore,except the background before Tiberius ascended the throne,the main body of this article is divided into three parts: The first part is the relationship between Tiberius and the Senate in the appointment of officials,discussing the main types of officials during Tiberius’ period and the appointment power of Tiberius and the Senate to corresponding types of officials;The second part is the relationship between Tiberius and the Senate in the trial of "treason",discussing the judicial power conferred by Tiberius on the Senate,as well as the role of Tiberius and the Senate in the trial of "treason";The third part is the relationship between Tiberius and the Senate in receiving embassies,and further analyzing the respective roles and influence of Tiberius and the Senate in the activities of receiving embassies.In the conclusion section,by analyzing the institutional structure,evolution,and personal influence of Tiberius,the author believes that during Tiberius’ reign,the relationship between the Roman Emperor and the Senate formed a "dyarchy" relationship.However,due to the defects of the concept of checks and balances and the influence of historical traditions,the relationship were not completely equal.The Roman Emperor has a more advantageous position compared to the Senate.Through the study of the relationship between the Roman Emperor and the Senate during the reign of Tiberius,it is helpful to analyze the nature of the principate system in Tiberius’ period,and it is also helpful to understand the role of individual leaders and institutionalized institutions in institutional stability and evolution.