A Comparative Study Of Predicate-Complementary Structure In Classical Chinese And Vernacular Chinese

The study of classical Chinese and vernacular has always received considerable attention from the academic circle,but there are still a series of problems.The Song Dynasty was in a prosperous period of cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups,and local cultures and languages came into contact with each other,resulting in the characteristics of vernacular language.The performative complement structure is an important and complex grammatical phenomenon in the process of Chinese development.Its emergence has a great influence on many grammatical phenomena after the Middle Ages,and its formation and development have gone through a long period of time.The Song Dynasty was a period of rapid development of the complement structure,therefore,in this paper,the study object is the dynamic concluding structure of the Xu Zi Zhi Tong Jian Chang Bian Ji Shi Ben Mo(be shortened to Ji Shi Ben Mo)and the San Chao Bei Meng Hui Bian(be shortened to San Chao),which are mainly composed of classical Chinese.This paper makes a comparative study of the two,using the description method combining description and explanation,form and meaning,combining with the previous research results,and starting from the vernacular works themselves,through comparative analysis of the dynamic concluding structure of narration and complement,to clarify the characteristics of vernacular in the Song Dynasty and explain the difference between vernacular and vernacular,so as to enrich the research on the history of Chinese vernacular grammar.This paper mainly includes five sections:The first part is the introduction.This paper summarizes the research object,research status,research methods,research significance and value,the source of corpus,etc.,to pave the way for the main part of the thesis.The second part mainly relies on the corpus of "San Chao" and " Ji Shi Ben Mo ",describing the four forms of formation and semantic characteristics of the two books,which pave the way for the comparative study below.Among them,the conjugation forms mainly include: "VCO" class,"VOC" class,"VC" class and other classes.The predicate and complement verbs are refined according to transitive and intransitive,including conjugation with adverbs.The semantic feature part is analyzed according to the specific use of internal components,namely semantic feature and semantic orientation.The third part makes a comparative study based on the content of the previous part,and finds the commonness and difference between classical Chinese and vernacular Chinese according to the formation form and semantic characteristics of the dynamic conclusion.Among them,the difference of constitutive form is manifested in the change of the combination of predicate,complement and object,which is reflected in the increase of the form of "VC(O)" and the phenomenon of the adverb position moving forward.The commonness is as follows: the development of diphonic verbs in classical Chinese and vernacular pretense.The differences of semantic features are as follows: the core semantic features of complement fall off and the semantic orientation of complement changes.The two differences are analyzed in detail.Among them,the semantic orientation of Chinese verb and concluding complement mostly refers to receiving and giving,while that of vernacular verb and concluding complement mostly refers to verbs.In order to prove the regularity of this change,we select a classic work from the Six Dynasties,Tang Dynasty and the end of Yuan Dynasty as the material of diachronic comparison,and find that the semantic orientation of complement changes and the proportion of pointing verbs gradually increases.On the basis of the comparison of the third part,the fourth part analyzes the semantic characteristics and the reasons for the change of semantic direction of the verb concluding complement in detail,and reveals the reasons why the verb concluding complement is different from the traditional Chinese verb concluding,namely the grammaticization of the verb concluding,which is manifested in the improvement of the dominance of the predicate,the abstraction of the semantic of the complement,and the solidification of the verb concluding word order.Secondly,it analyzes the internal and external factors of its grammaticization.The internal factors include: the semantic relationship between the predicate and the object,the non-autonomous verb as the complement,and the subjectivity and abstractness of the complement of monosyllabic adjectives.The external factors of grammaticization are as follows: semantic redundancy of predicate and complement,core proximity principle and language contact factor.The fifth part is the conclusion.This paper summarizes the research ideas and results,and the significance of the comparative study of Chinese and white,and points out the shortcomings of this study.