Research On The Revival Of Chongqing’s Coarse Cloth Industry During The War(1938-1944)

Geotextile industry is an important part of China’s modern economy,which gradually declined with the development of modernization.However,the local cloth industry in Chongqing,which should have been eliminated by the times,revived again because of the comprehensive anti Japanese War,which can be described as a anomaly in the modern economic history.As an important material in the rear area of the Anti Japanese War,Chongqing local cloth played a positive role in promoting the victory of the Anti Japanese War and the development of modern handicraft industry.Therefore,it is of great significance for us to re understand the modern handicraft industry and the relationship between Anti Japanese War and economy to study the revival of Chongqing’s geotextile industry in wartime.Before the comprehensive anti Japanese War,Chongqing’s geotextile industry had a prosperous stage,but the internal and external environment and other factors declined.After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War,with the acceleration of Japan’s invasion of China,the national government began to move to the west,and Chongqing’s economic status suddenly improved.The transportation was blocked,the import of cotton yarn was limited,and the population moved to the west,which led to a sharp increase in the demand for local cloth.In order to solve this problem,the national government set up corresponding management organizations,from Fusheng Yuzhuang,Chongqing Office of the Agricultural Bureau,parity purchase and sale Office of the Ministry of economic affairs,Material Bureau to gauze Control Bureau,from semi control to comprehensive control,and gradually strengthened the management of local cloth.At the same time,the government also managed the production and operation of local cloth through Chongqing local cloth industry association,raw material supply Committee and other social organizations,implemented the management rules of wartime local cloth,and realized the effective utilization of wartime economic resources.These institutions and organizations protect the production and supply of Chongqing’s local cloth industry,protect the interests of the industry,and protect the interests of small machine owners by promoting manual textile,regulating the market of gauze,adjusting the distribution and supply and demand of cotton yarn,etc.Due to the large amount of military supplies in wartime,the government promulgated laws and regulations conducive to the development of the local cloth industry,advocated relevant measures,and made a series of regulations on the standards,prices and taxes of local cloth products,and played a leading role in them.This also indicates that the government’s operation and management of Chongqing’s local cloth industry is becoming more and more perfect,which promotes the revival of Chongqing’s local cloth industry.With the cooperation of the government and the people,the market of Chongqing’s geotextile industry has been improving since 1938,which is reflected in three aspects.First,the production scale of local cloth industry gradually expanded.This kind of expansion includes not only the expansion of the scale of the local cloth manufacturers,but also the increase of the output of the local cloth industry;secondly,the production efficiency of the local cloth industry is increasing day by day.This is mainly reflected in the improvement of textile efficiency and the diversification of local cloth products;third,the sales and market space of local cloth industry can be expanded.This is reflected in the expansion of Chongqing’s local cloth market to the peripheral areas,the enhancement of local cloth trade distribution capacity,and the rapid growth of the proportion of local cloth in the whole cotton textile industry.This kind of prosperity lasted from 1938 to 1944,so Chongqing Tu Bu got a short revival during this period.The revival of Chongqing local cloth industry in wartime objectively alleviated the shortage of cotton cloth in the rear area of the Anti Japanese War,provided a strong guarantee for military and civilian clothing,and played an important role in maintaining the social and economic stability of the rear area.At the same time,it also improves the technical level of textile tools,improves the enthusiasm of weavers and women’s sense of pride.Of course,the revival of Chongqing’s local cloth industry in wartime also had its constraints.The protracted war can not provide a benign and sustainable economic environment for the development of the geotextile industry.Coupled with the inadequacy of the geotextile industry itself and the late excessive control,the prosperity of the wartime geotextile industry is fleeting.In short,the revival of Chongqing’s local cloth industry during the war was a movement led by the government to solve the problem of clothing shortage and cloth shortage.The revival of Chongqing’s local cloth industry is also the re prosperity of the hand-made fabric industry,which was eliminated by the times.It is a revival against modernization.This kind of prosperity rose in the specific era background and economic environment.In this revival movement,the government dominated.With the strengthening of government control and the end of the war,the revival of Chongqing’s local cloth industry was like a flash in the pan.This brief prosperity is doomed to decline in the trend of modernization.