Marx's Ideology And Its Contemporary Enlightenmen

Marx’s ideology is accompanied by the formation of historical materialism.Therefore,this article mainly studies Marx’s classic texts from the perspective of social history,combs out the core concepts and theoretical sources of Marx’s ideology,and discusses the evolution process of Marx’s ideology and the main content of Marx’s ideology on this basis.Finally,it extends the contemporary value of Marx’s ideology,guiding the ideological construction of China in the new era.The first chapter explains the historical background and theoretical origin of Marx’s ideology.Marx’s ideology began to be constructed in the early stage of capitalist development.During this period,two opposing classes,the proletariat and the bourgeoisie,were born.After occupying the dominant position,the bourgeoisie continuously increased its exploitation of the proletariat,leading to the proletariat’s resistance to revolution.However,due to the lack of scientific theoretical guidance,the proletarian labor movement always ends up being suppressed.Under the background of Marx’s era,Marx urgently needed to provide corresponding theoretical support for the proletarian revolution,began to explore historical materialism,and conducted systematic thinking on ideological issues.Trassi’s idealism,Hegel’s concepts of "enlightenment" and "alienation",as well as the idealism of the young Hegelian school,have all had an important impact on Marx’s ideology.The second chapter combs the evolution process of Marx’s ideology.Ideology has different connotations in Marx’s works of different historical periods.Through the study of Marx’s text,the evolution of Marx’s ideology can be divided into three stages:the germination of Marx’s ideology(before 1844),the formation of Marx’s ideology(1844-1856),and the deepening of Marx’s ideology(1857-1883).On the philosophical level,Marx criticized the thought of the young Hegelian school;On the political level,Marx criticized the ideology of the bourgeoisie in society at that time,and established a historical materialism,revealing the essence of bourgeois fetishism.The third chapter discusses how to scientifically understand the basic content of Marx’s ideology.This article elaborates on the scientific connotation,main characteristics,and functional functions of Marx’s ideology.There are three levels of scientific connotation.The first is ideology at the philosophical level,which mainly refers to the ideological system of German philosophers,manifested in erroneous ideas such as idealism of the young Hegelian school.The second is ideology at the level of class consciousness,which mainly refers to the class consciousness of the ruling class and the class consciousness of the revolutionary class,expressed in the form of law,morality,religion,philosophy,and other forms that express the interests of the class.The third is ideology at the level of social structure,which mainly refers to ideology as the superstructure of ideas,used to indicate the position of ideology in the social structure.Different ideological connotations also represent a shift in Marx’s attitude towards the concept of ideology from negative to neutral and then to affirmative.There are four main characteristics.The first is class nature.Ideology and class have a close internal connection,and there is no ideology that transcends class.The second is practicality.Ideology is formed and developed on the basis of material practice.No matter what ideology,it must ultimately be used to guide practice in order to display its significance and value.The third is masking.The social reality and social relations reflected by ideology are false,and efforts are made to conceal the true social relations.The fourth is relative independence.It is manifested in five aspects: hysteresis,imbalance,inheritance,relevance,and leadership.There are three functional aspects.The first is political function,manifested in maintaining the legalization of political power,promoting large-scale social and political mobilization,and realizing the transfer of political power.The second is the reaction to the economic foundation,manifested in the promotion and hindrance of ideology as a whole and in part to the economic foundation.The third is the function of cultural carrier,which is manifested in the dissemination and development of culture through the form of ideology.The fourth chapter analyzes the inherent logic of Marx’s ideology.Ideological criticism is the development clue of Marx’s ideology,which runs through the whole process of Marx’s ideology.While criticizing the idealistic thoughts of the young Hegelian school and the ideological thoughts of the bourgeoisie,Marx also constructed the ideology of the proletariat to dispel the traditional ideology.In criticizing the idealistic thoughts of the young Hegelian school,Marx believed that they had reversed the relationship between reason and reality,as well as between subject and object,and in the process of criticizing,established historical materialism,drawing philosophy back from heaven to earth.In criticizing the ideological ideology of the bourgeoisie,Marx recognized that the contradictions of bourgeois ideology will deepen increasingly with the development of productive forces and the intensification of class contradictions.The bourgeois ideology dominates the ideological behavior of the proletariat and is constantly strengthened through the capitalist production process.The proletarian thinkers will provide theoretical guidance,enlighten and educate the proletarian masses,inspire them to produce conscious class consciousness,change the old ideological and cultural concepts,make the most thorough break with traditional concepts,and completely break the discourse hegemony of bourgeois ideology.On the one hand,it is necessary to establish a new theoretical system based on criticizing the falsity of ideology,and use it to guide the proletarian revolution and complete the construction of its own proletarian ideology.On the other hand,it is necessary to carry out thorough revolutionary practice and eliminate the realistic soil for the emergence and development of false ideologies.Starting from both theoretical and practical aspects,we can break through the ideological cage of ideology,liberate people from the shadow of ideology,and remove the shadow of ideology.The fifth chapter studies the contemporary enlightenment of Marx’s ideology.The first enlightenment is to adhere to the fundamental system of guiding Marxism in the ideological field;The second inspiration is to improve the ability to prevent and defuse ideological risks;The third enlightenment is to standardize the order of the cultural market and prevent the disorderly expansion of assets in the cultural market.