The Effect Of Cumulative Ecological Risk On Cyberbullying And Victimization

Cyberbullying has become a more serious social issue with the proliferation of the Internet.Teenagers’ cyberbullying and cyberbullying victimization are influenced by cumulative ecological risk.However,previous research has primarily examined the influence of single risk factors on cyberbullying and cyberbullying victimization without examining multiple ecological risk factors.Multiple risk factors in the system frequently occur synergistically in the real world.The study will investigate the mechanisms underlying the relationship between cumulative ecological risk,cyberbullying,and victimization from the cumulative ecological risk model.In addition,cyberbullying and victimization are frequently symbiotic.The cyberbullied individuals may also be cyberbullies.However,previous studies have examined these phenomena from a single perspective,lacking a comprehensive analysis that combines both perspectives.The study will use a person-centered approach to investigate the profiles and transition patterns of cyberbullying and victimization,analyzing the role of cumulative ecological risk to the diversity and variability of them.Cumulative ecological risk comprises family,school,peer,and community variables.A total of eleven ecological factors in these four aspects were chosen through a literature review,and a cumulative ecological risk index was calculated by cumulative ecological risk model.Five hundred fifty-five high school students from Guangdong and Hainan completed the Parental Control Scale,Parental Conflict Scale,Parent-Child Relationship Intimacy Scale,School Climate Scale,Olweus Child Bullying Questionnaire,Transgressive Peer Interaction Questionnaire,Friendship Quality Questionnaire,Cyberbullying and Victimization Scale,and the Interpersonal Needs Scale.The study found the following:(1)Cyberbullying and victimization among adolescents can be classified into four profiles: high-involvement group,low-involvement group,medium-involvement group,and high cyberbullying group.(2)Cumulative ecological risk significantly predicted cyberbullying and victimization,and the nature and number of risk factors affected cyberbullying and victimization among adolescents.(3)Interpersonal needs mediated the association between cumulative ecological risk,cyberbullying,and victimization.(4)Cyberbullying and victimization among adolescents are stable and variable over time.Stability was greatest in the group with low involvement and lowest in the group with high cyberbullying.Over one-third of adolescents in the medium and high involvement cyberbullying groups shifted towards the low-involvement group.The high-involvement group tended to shift towards the medium-involvement group,with a positive trend.(5)Individuals are more likely to transition to the high-involvement group as the cumulative ecological risk increases.The results confirm the co-occurrence of cyberbullying and victimization among adolescents and the impact of cumulative ecological risk on both phenomena.It provides an empirical basis for cyberbullying and victimization prevention and intervention.