A Study On The Prefaces Of The Imperial Examination In Ming Wenhai

In the early Qing dynasty,Huang Zongxi’s literary ideas had obvious academic consciousness,and his literary opinions were reflected in the compilation of critical texts and anthologies of articles.As an important anthology of articles in the Ming Dynasty,the famous Ming Wenhai can well show the prosperity of the Ming Dynasty style,as well as Huang Zongxi’s literary ideas.Among them,the “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination” was first included in the anthology of articles,and its selection of articles and stylistic categories are worthy of attention.Especially,under the imperial examination system of the Ming Dynasty,the “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination” recorded in the Ming Wenhai also has the research significance of the development and evolution of the article making,compilation and printing,and the value of philology.This paper is divided into four chapters,taking the “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination” recorded in the Ming Wenhai by Huang Zongxi as the research object.The first chapter is about the compilation of Huang Zongxi’s Ming Wenhai and the “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination” recorded.Firstly,introduce the life and writings of Huang Zongxi,focuses on his literary activities.Secondly,study the process of writing the book of Ming Wenhai,tidy up the relationship among Ming Wenan,Ming Wenhai and Ming Wenshoudu;Finally,compare the differences between different versions of Ming Wenhai and analyzes its gains and losses.The second chapter is investigates the source of the collection of the “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination” in Ming Wenhai,most of “the Prefaces of the Imperial Examination” recorded in it was written by famous literati or writers of the Ming dynasty,and some of the collection and history department documents are still preserved.It is found that the “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination” in Ming Wenhai mainly comes from the collections,anthology and local Chronicles of Ming dynasty.The third chapter is explores the cultural characteristics of the “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination” recorded in Ming Wenhai.By studying the “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination” contained in Huang Zongxi’s Ming Wenhai,it is found that the imperial examination books was increased rapidly in the middle and late Ming dynasty.On the one hand,the increase of the imperial examination books anthology drives the increase of “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination”.Therefore,there appeared the phenomenon of collecting the “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination”.This phenomenon also make the “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination” Split from the prefaces,and not limited to traditional sequential styleis to introduce authors and works.On the other hand,there are many reasons for the increase of “Prefaces of the Imperial Examination”,which discuss the “Wen” and “Dao” again.The fourth chapter discusses Huang Zongxi’s concept of imperial examination compositions.Huang Zongxi was critical of the imperial examination system on the whole,but he highly admired the text composed in the “Six Classics”,and put forward the idea that the text should be exhausted the Classics.It was popular to take“ancient writing as the current writing” in the Ming and Qing dynasties.Huang Zongxi pointed out that ancient writing and Imperial examination papers should be merged.